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HCS515

KEELOQ^®Code Hopping Decoder

FEATURES

Security

DESCRIPTION

The Microchip Technology Inc. HCS515 is a code hop-

ping decoder designed for secure Remote Keyless

Entry (RKE) systems. The HCS515 utilizes the pat-

ented code hopping system and high security learning

mechanisms to make this a canned solution when used

with the HCS encoders to implement a unidirectional

remote and access control systems. The HCS515 can

be used as a stand-alone decoder or in conjunction

with a microcontroller.

• Encrypted storage of manufacturer’s code

• Encrypted storage of encoder decryption keys

• Up to seven transmitters can be learned code

hopping technology

• Normal and secure learning mechanisms

Operating

PACKAGE TYPE

• 4.5V – 5.5V operation

• Internal oscillator

PDIP, SOIC

• Auto bit rate detection

NC

VDD

S1

1

2

3

4

5

14 NC

13 NC

12 Vss

Other

• Stand-alone decoder

• Internal EEPROM for transmitter storage

• Synchronous serial interface

• 1 Kbit user EEPROM

RF_IN

11

10

S0

S_CLK

S_DAT

• 14-pin DIP/SOIC package

MCLR

6

7

9

8

Typical Applications

NC

• Automotive remote entry systems

• Automotive alarm systems

• Automotive immobilizers

• Gate and garage openers

• Electronic door locks

BLOCK DIAGRAM

RFIN

Reception Register

• Identity tokens

• Burglar alarm systems

DECRYPTOR

EE_DAT

EE_CLK

Internal

S_DAT

S_CLK

S0

S1

MCLR

CONTROL

Compatible Encoders

EEPROM

All encoders and transponders configured for the fol-

lowing setting:

OSCILLATOR

• PWM modulation format (1/3-2/3)

• TE in the range from 100 μs to 400 μs

• 10 x TE Header

The manufacturer’s code, encoder decryption keys,

and synchronization information are stored in

encrypted form in internal EEPROM. The HCS515

uses the S_DATand S_CLKinputs to communicate

with a host controller device.

• 28-bit Serial Number

• 16-bit Synchronization counter

• Discrimination bits equal to Serial Number 8 LSbs

• 66- to 69-bit length code word.

The HCS515 operates over a wide voltage range of

4.5V – 5.5V. The decoder employs automatic bit rate

detection, which allows it to compensate for wide vari-

DS40183E-page 1

HCS515

ations in transmitter data rate. The decoder contains

sophisticated error checking algorithms to ensure only

valid codes are accepted.

- Secure Learn

The transmitter is activated through a special

button combination to transmit a stored 60-bit

seed value used to generate the transmitter’s

crypt key. The receiver uses this seed value

to derive the same crypt key and decrypt the

received code word’s encrypted portion.

1.0

SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Key Terms

• Manufacturer’s code – A unique and secret 64-

bit number used to generate unique encoder crypt

keys. Each encoder is programmed with a crypt

key that is a function of the manufacturer’s code.

Each decoder is programmed with the manufac-

turer code itself.

The following is a list of key terms used throughout this

data sheet. For additional information on KEELOQ^®and

Code Hopping, refer to Technical Brief 3 (TB003).

• RKE - Remote Keyless Entry

• Button Status - Indicates what button input(s)

activated the transmission. Encompasses the 4

button status bits S3, S2, S1 and S0 (Figure 7-2).

1.1

HCS Encoder Overview

• Code Hopping - A method by which a code,

viewed externally to the system, appears to

change unpredictably each time it is transmitted.

The HCS encoders have a small EEPROM array which

must be loaded with several parameters before use.

The most important of these values are:

• Code word - A block of data that is repeatedly

transmitted upon button activation (Figure 7-1).

• A crypt key that is generated at the time of pro-

duction

• Transmission - A data stream consisting of

repeating code words (Figure 7-1).

• A 16-bit synchronization counter value

• A 28-bit serial number which is meant to be

unique for every encoder

• Crypt key - A unique and secret 64-bit number

used to encrypt and decrypt data. In a symmetri-

cal block cipher such as the KEELOQ algorithm,

the encryption and decryption keys are equal and

will therefore be referred to generally as the crypt

key.

The manufacturer programs the serial number for each

encoder at the time of production, while the ‘Key Gen-

eration Algorithm’ generates the crypt key (Figure 1-1).

Inputs to the key generation algorithm typically consist

of the encoder’s serial number and a 64-bit manufac-

turer’s code, which the manufacturer creates.

• Encoder - A device that generates and encodes

data.

• Encryption Algorithm - A recipe whereby data is

scrambled using a crypt key. The data can only be

interpreted by the respective decryption algorithm

using the same crypt key.

Note: The manufacturer code is a pivotal part of

the system’s overall security. Conse-

quently, all possible precautions must be

taken and maintained for this code.

• Decoder - A device that decodes data received

from an encoder.

• Decryption algorithm - A recipe whereby data

scrambled by an encryption algorithm can be

unscrambled using the same crypt key.

• Learn – Learning involves the receiver calculating

the transmitter’s appropriate crypt key, decrypting

the received hopping code and storing the serial

number, synchronization counter value and crypt

key in EEPROM. The KEELOQ product family facil-

itates several learning strategies to be imple-

mented on the decoder. The following are

examples of what can be done.

- Simple Learning

The receiver uses a fixed crypt key, common

to all components of all systems by the same

manufacturer, to decrypt the received code

word’s encrypted portion.

- Normal Learning

The receiver uses information transmitted

during normal operation to derive the crypt

key and decrypt the received code word’s

encrypted portion.

DS40183E-page 2

HCS515

FIGURE 1-1:

CREATION AND STORAGE OF CRYPT KEY DURING PRODUCTION

Production

Programmer

HCS515

Transmitter

Serial Number

EEPROM Array

Serial Number

Crypt Key

Sync Counter

.

Key

Crypt

Key

.

Manufacturer’s

Code

Generation

Algorithm

The 16-bit synchronization counter is the basis behind

the transmitted code word changing for each transmis-

sion; it increments each time a button is pressed. Due

to the code hopping algorithm’s complexity, each incre-

ment of the synchronization value results in greater

than 50% of the bits changing in the transmitted code

word.

A receiver may use any type of controller as a decoder,

but it is typically a microcontroller with compatible firm-

ware that allows the decoder to operate in conjunction

with an HCS515 based transmitter. Section 3.0

provides detail on integrating the HCS515 into a sys-

tem.

A transmitter must first be ‘learned’ by the receiver

before its use is allowed in the system. Learning

includes calculating the transmitter’s appropriate crypt

key, decrypting the received hopping code and storing

the serial number, synchronization counter value and

crypt key in EEPROM.

Figure 1-2 shows how the key values in EEPROM are

used in the encoder. Once the encoder detects a button

press, it reads the button inputs and updates the syn-

chronization counter. The synchronization counter and

crypt key are input to the encryption algorithm and the

output is 32 bits of encrypted information. This data will

change with every button press, its value appearing

externally to ‘randomly hop around’, hence it is referred

to as the hopping portion of the code word. The 32-bit

hopping code is combined with the button information

and serial number to form the code word transmitted to

the receiver. The code word format is explained in

greater detail in Section 7.2.

In normal operation, each received message of valid

format is evaluated. The serial number is used to deter-

mine if it is from a learned transmitter. If from a learned

transmitter, the message is decrypted and the synchro-

nization counter is verified. Finally, the button status is

checked to see what operation is requested. Figure 1-3

shows the relationship between some of the values

stored by the receiver and the values received from

the transmitter.

FIGURE 1-2:

EEPROM Array

BUILDING THE TRANSMITTED CODE WORD (ENCODER)

®

KEELOQ

Encryption

Algorithm

Crypt Key

Sync Counter

Serial Number

Button Press

Information

32 Bits

Encrypted Data

Serial Number

Transmitted Information

DS40183E-page 3

HCS515

FIGURE 1-3:

BASIC OPERATION OF RECEIVER (DECODER)

1

Received Information

Serial Number

EEPROM Array

32 Bits of

Encrypted Data

Button Press

Information

Manufacturer Code

Check for

Match

Serial Number

2

Sync Counter

Crypt Key

3

®

KEELOQ

Decryption

Algorithm

Decrypted

Synchronization

Counter

Check for

Match

4

Perform Function

Indicated by

5

button press

NOTE: Circled numbers indicate the order of execution.

2.0

PIN ASSIGNMENT

Buffer

Type⁽¹⁾

Decoder

Function

I/O⁽¹⁾

Description

1

2

NC

—

O

I

—

No connection

3

VDD

S1

—

Power connection

S1 function output

S0 function output

Master clear input

No connection

4

TTL

ST

—

5

S0

6

MCLR

NC

7

—

I/O

I

8

NC

—

No connection

9

S_DAT

S_CLK

RF_IN

GND

NC

TTL

—

Synchronous data from controller

Synchronous clock from controller

Input from RF receiver

Ground connection

10

11

12

13

14

I

—

No connection

NC

—

No connection

Note: P = power, I = in, O = out, and ST = Schmitt Trigger input.

DS40183E-page 4

HCS515

3: Learning a transmitter with an encoder

decryption key that is identical to a

transmitter already in memory

replaces the existing transmitter. In

practice, this means that all transmit-

ters should have unique encoder

decryption keys. Learning a previously

learned transmitter does not use any

additional memory slots.

3.0

3.1

DECODER OPERATION

Learning a Transmitter to a

Receiver (Normal or Secure Learn)

Before the transmitter and receiver can work together,

the receiver must first ‘learn’ and store the following

information from the transmitter in EEPROM:

• A check value of the serial number

• The encoder decryption key

The following checks are performed by the decoder to

determine if the transmission is valid during learn:

• The current synchronization counter value

• The first code word is checked for bit integrity.

• The second code word is checked for bit integrity.

The decoder must also store the manufacturer’s code

(Section 1.1) in protected memory. This code will

typically be the same for all of the decoders in a sys-

tem.

• The encoder decryption key is generated accord-

ing to the selected algorithm.

• The hopping code is decrypted.

The HCS515 has seven memory slots, and, conse-

quently, can store up to seven transmitters. During the

learn procedure, the decoder searches for an empty

memory slot for storing the transmitter’s information.

When all of the memory slots are full, the decoder will

overwrite the last transmitter’s information. To erase all

of the memory slots at once, use the ERASE_ALL

command (C3H).

• The discrimination value is checked.

• If all the checks pass, the key, serial number

check value, and synchronization counter values

are stored in EEPROM memory.

Figure 3-1 shows a flow chart of the learn sequence.

FIGURE 3-1: LEARN SEQUENCE

3.1.1

LEARNING PROCEDURE

is initiated by sending

Enter Learn

Mode

Learning

the

ACTIVATE_LEARN(D2H) command to the decoder.

The decoder acknowledges reception of the command

by pulling the data line high.

Wait for Reception

of a Valid Code

For the HCS515 decoder to learn a new transmitter, the

following sequence is required:

Wait for Reception

of Second

Non-Repeated

Valid Code

1. Activate the transmitter once.

2. Activate the transmitter a second time. (In

Secure Learning mode, the seed transmission

must be transmitted during the second stage of

learn by activating the appropriate buttons on

the transmitter.)

Generate Key

from Serial Number/

Seed Value

Use Generated Key

to Decrypt

3. The HCS515 will transmit a learn-status string,

indicating that the learn was successful.

4. The decoder has now learned the transmitter.

Compare Discrimination

Value with Serial Number

5. Repeat steps 1-3 to learn up to seven

transmitters

Note 1: Learning will be terminated if two

nonsequential codes were received or

if two acceptable codes were not

decoded within 30 seconds.

No

Equal?

Yes

Learn

Unsuccessful

Learn Successful Store:

2: If more than seven transmitters are

learned, the new transmitter will

replace the last transmitter learned. It

is, therefore, not possible to erase lost

transmitters by repeatedly learning

new transmitters. To remove lost or

Serial Number Check Value

Encoder Decryption Key

Sync. Counter Value

Exit

stolen

transmitters,

ERASE_ALL

transmitters and relearn all available

transmitters.

DS40183E-page 5

HCS515

FIGURE 3-2: DECODER OPERATION

3.2

Validation of Codes

Start

The decoder waits for a transmission and checks the

serial number to determine if it is a learned transmitter.

If it is, it takes the code hopping portion of the transmis-

sion and decrypts it, using the encoder decryption key.

It uses the discrimination value to determine if the

decryption was valid. If everything up to this point is

valid, the synchronization counter value is evaluated.

No

Transmission

Received?

Yes

3.3

Validation Steps

Does

Ser # Check Val

Match?

No

Validation consists of the following steps:

1. Search EEPROM to find the Serial Number

Check Value Match

Yes

Decrypt Transmission

2. Decrypt the Hopping Code

3. Compare the 10 bits of the discrimination value

with the lower 10 bits of serial number

Is

No

decryption

valid?

4. Check if the synchronization counter value falls

within the first synchronization window.

Yes

5. Check if the synchronization counter value falls

within the second synchronization window.

Execute

Command

and

Update

Counter

Is

Counter within

16?

Yes

6. If a valid transmission is found, update the

synchronization counter, else use the next

transmitter block, and repeat the tests.

No

Is

No

Counter within

16K?

Yes

Save Counter

in Temp Location

DS40183E-page 6

HCS515

A "Double Operation" (resynchronization) window fur-

ther exists from the Single Operation window up to 32K

codes forward of the currently stored counter value. It

is referred to as "Double Operation" because a trans-

mission with synchronization counter value in this win-

dow will require an additional, sequential counter

transmission prior to executing the intended function.

Upon receiving the sequential transmission the

decoder executes the intended function and stores the

synchronization counter value. This resynchronization

occurs transparently to the user as it is human nature

to press the button a second time if the first was unsuc-

cessful.

3.4

Synchronization with Decoder

(Evaluating the Counter)

The KEELOQ technology patent scope includes a

sophisticated synchronization technique that does not

require the calculation and storage of future codes. The

technique securely blocks invalid transmissions while

providing transparent resynchronization to transmitters

inadvertently activated away from the receiver.

Figure 3-3 shows a 3-partition, rotating synchronization

window. The size of each window is optional but the

technique is fundamental. Each time a transmission is

authenticated, the intended function is executed and

the transmission's synchronization counter value is

stored in EEPROM. From the currently stored counter

value there is an initial "Single Operation" forward win-

dow of 16 codes. If the difference between a received

synchronization counter and the last stored counter is

within 16, the intended function will be executed on the

single button press and the new synchronization coun-

ter will be stored. Storing the new synchronization

counter value effectively rotates the entire synchroniza-

tion window.

The third window is a "Blocked Window" ranging from

the double operation window to the currently stored

synchronization counter value. Any transmission with

synchronization counter value within this window will

be ignored. This window excludes previously used,

perhaps code-grabbed transmissions from accessing

the system.

FIGURE 3-3:

SYNCHRONIZATION WINDOW

Entire Window

rotates to eliminate

use of previously

used codes

Blocked

Window

(32K Codes)

Stored

Synchronization

Counter Value

Double Operation

(resynchronization)

Window

Single Operation

Window

(32K Codes)

(16 Codes)

DS40183E-page 7

HCS515

edge by taking the clock line high. The decoder then

takes the data line low. The microcontroller can then

begin clocking a data stream out of the HCS515. The

data stream consists of:

4.0

INTERFACING TO A

MICROCONTROLLER

The HCS515 interfaces to a microcontroller via a syn-

chronous serial interface. A clock and data line are

used to communicate with the HCS515. The microcon-

troller controls the clock line. There are two groups of

data transfer messages. The first is from the decoder

whenever the decoder receives a valid transmission.

The decoder signals reception of a valid code by taking

the data line high (maximum of 500 ms) The microcon-

troller then services the request by clocking out a data

string from the decoder. The data string contains the

function code, the status bit, and block indicators. The

second is from the controlling microcontroller to the

decoder in the form of a defined command set.

• START bit ‘0’.

• 2 status bits [REPEAT, Vlow].

• 4-bit function code [S3 S2 S1 S0].

• STOP bit ‘1’.

• 4 bits indicating the number of transmitters

learned into the decoder [CNT3…CNT0].

• 4 bits indicating which block was used

[TX3…TX0].

• 64 bits of the received transmission with the hop-

ping code decrypted.

Note: Data is always clocked in/out Least

Significant bit (LSb) first.

Figure 4-1 shows the HCS515 decoder and the I/O

interface lines necessary to interface to a microcon-

troller.

The decoder will terminate the transmission of the data

stream at any point where the clock is kept low for lon-

ger than 1 ms. Therefore, the microcontroller can only

clock out the required bits. A maximum of 80 bits can

be clocked out of the decoder.

4.1

Valid Transmission Message

The decoder informs the microcontroller of a valid

transmission by taking the data line high for up to

500 ms. The controlling microcontroller must acknowl-

FIGURE 4-1: HCS515 DECODER AND I/O INTERFACE LINES

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

14

13

12

11

10

9

RF DATA

SYNC CLOCK

SYNC DATA

MICRO RESET

S0 OUTPUT

S1 OUTPUT

X

NC

VCC

VSS

VDD

S1

RF_IN

S_CLK

S_DAT

NC

S0

MCLR

NC

8

X

HCS515

FIGURE 4-2: DECODER VALID TRANSMISSION MESSAGE

TACK

TACT

TCLKL

TCLKH

TDS

S_CLK

S_DAT

TCLKH

TCLA

TDHI

0

REPT VLOW S0

S1

S2

S3

1

CNT0

CNT3 TX0

TX3 RX0 RX1

RX62 RX63

Decoder Signal Valid

Transmission

Information

Received String

A

B

Ci

Cii

DS40183E-page 8

HCS515

4.2.2

COLLISION DETECTION

4.2

Command Mode

The HCS515 uses collision detection to prevent

clashes between the decoder and microcontroller.

Whenever the decoder receives a valid transmission

the following sequence is followed:

4.2.1

MICROCONTROLLER COMMAND

MODE ACTIVATION

The microcontroller command consists of four parts.

The first part activates the Command mode, the sec-

ond part is the actual command, the third is the address

accessed, and the fourth part is the data. The micro-

controller starts the command by taking the clock line

high for up to 500 ms. The decoder acknowledges the

start-up sequence by taking the data line high. The

microcontroller takes the clock line low, after which the

decoder will take the data line low, tri-state the data line

and wait for the command to be clocked in. The data

must be set up on the rising edge and will be sampled

on the falling edge of the clock line.

• The decoder first checks to see if the clock line is

high. If the clock line is high, the valid transmis-

sion notification is aborted, and the microcon-

troller Command mode request is serviced.

• The decoder takes the data line high and checks

that the clock line doesn’t go high within 50 μs. If

the clock line goes high, the valid transmission

notification is aborted and the Command mode

request is serviced.

• If the clock line goes high after 50 μs but before

500 ms, the decoder will acknowledge by taking

the data line low.

• The microcontroller can then start to clock out the

80-bit data stream of the received transmission.

FIGURE 4-3: MICROCONTROLLER COMMAND MODE ACTIVATION

TCLKL

TADDR

TDATA

TCMD

TREQ

TCLKH

TSTART

TDS

CLK

μC

Data

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

TACK

TRESP

HCS515

Data

START Command

Command Byte

Address Byte

Data Byte

A

B

C

E

D

DS40183E-page 9

HCS515

service the command request. The response time

depends on the state of the decoder when the Com-

mand mode is requested.

4.2.3

COMMAND ACTIVATION TIMES

The command activation time (Table 4-1) is defined as

the maximum time the microcontroller has to wait for a

response from the decoder. The decoder will abort and

TABLE 4-1:

COMMAND ACTIVATION TIMES

Decoder State

Min

Max

While receiving transmissions

During the validation of a received transmission

During the update of the sync counters

During learn

—

2.5 ms BPWMAX = 2.7 ms

3 ms

40 ms

170 ms

4.2.4

DECODER COMMANDS

The command byte specifies the operation required by

the controlling microcontroller. Table 4-2 lists the com-

mands.

TABLE 4-2:

DECODER COMMANDS

Command Byte

Instruction

Operation

F0 HEX

E1 HEX

D2 HEX

C3 HEX

B4 HEX

Read a byte from user EEPROM

READ

Write a byte to user EEPROM

WRITE

Activate a learn sequence on the decoder

Activate an erase all function on the decoder

Program manufacturer’s code and configuration byte

ACTIVATE_LRN

ERASE_ALL

PROGRAM

DS40183E-page 10

HCS515

4.2.5

READ BYTE/S FROM USER

EEPROM

4.2.6

WRITE BYTE/S TO USER EEPROM

The read command (Figure 4-4) is used to read bytes

from the user EEPROM. The offset in the user

EEPROM is specified by the address byte, which is

truncated to 7 bits (C to D). After the address, a dummy

byte must be clocked in (D to E). The EEPROM data

byte is clocked out on the next rising edge of the clock

line with the Least Significant bit first (E to F). Sequen-

tial reads are possible by repeating sequence E to F

within 1 ms after the falling edge of the previous byte’s

Most Significant bit (MSb). During the sequential read,

the address value will wrap after 128 bytes. The

decoder will terminate the read command if no clock

pulses are received for a period longer than 1.2 ms.

The write command (Figure 4-5) is used to write a loca-

tion in the user EEPROM. The address byte is trun-

cated to seven bits (C to D). The data is clocked in

Least Significant bit (LSb) first. The clock line must be

asserted to initiate the write. Sequential writes of bytes

are possible by clocking in the byte and then asserting

the clock line (D – F). The decoder will terminate the

write command if no clock pulses are received for a

period longer than 1.2 ms After a successful write

sequence, the decoder will acknowledge by taking the

data line high and keeping it high until the clock line

goes low.

FIGURE 4-4: READ BYTES FROM USER EEPROM

TRD

CLK

μC DATA

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

Data Byte

LSB

Decoder DATA

START Command

Command Byte

Address Byte

Dummy Byte

A

B

C

D

E

F

FIGURE 4-5: WRITE BYTES TO USER EEPROM

TACK

TRESP

TWR

CLK

μC DATA

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

TACK2

Decoder DATA

START Command

Command Byte

Address Byte

Data Byte

Acknowledge

A

B

C

D

E

F

DS40183E-page 11

HCS515

asserted to activate the command. After a successful

completion of an erase all command, the data line is

asserted until the clock line goes low.

4.2.7

ERASE ALL

The erase all command (Figure 4-6) erases all the

transmitters in the decoder. After the command and two

dummy bytes are clocked in, the clock line must be

FIGURE 4-6: ERASE ALL

TACK

TRESP

TERA

CLK

μC DATA

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

TACK2

Decoder DATA

START Command

Command Byte

Subcommand Byte

Dummy Byte

Acknowledge

A

B

C

D

E

F

Upon reception of the second transmission, the

decoder will respond with a learn status message

(Figure 4-9).

4.2.8

ACTIVATE LEARN

The activate learn command (Figure 4-7) is used to

activate a transmitter learning sequence on the

decoder. The command consists of a Command mode

activation sequence, a command byte, and two dummy

bytes. The decoder will respond by taking the data line

high to acknowledge that the command was valid and

that learn is active.

The learn status message after the second transmis-

sion consists of the following:

• 1 START bit.

• The function code [S3:S0] of the message is

zero, indicating that this is a status string.

Upon reception of the first transmission, the decoder

will respond with a learn status message (Figure 4-8).

• The RESULT bit indicates the result of the learn

sequence. The RESULT bit is set if successful

and cleared otherwise.

During learn, the decoder will acknowledge the recep-

tion of the first transmission by taking the data line high

for 60 ms. The controlling microcontroller can clock out

at most 8 bits, which will all be zeros. All of the bits of

the status byte are zero, and this is used to distinguish

between a learn time-out status string and the first

transmission received string. The controlling microcon-

troller must ensure that the clock line does not go high

60 ms after the falling edge of the data line, for this will

terminate learn.

• The OVR bit will indicate whether an exiting trans-

mitter is over written. The OVR bit will be set if an

existing transmitter is learned over.

• The [CNT3…CNT0] bits will indicate the number of

transmitters learned on the decoder.

• The [TX3…TX0] bits indicate the block number

used during the learning of the transmitter.

FIGURE 4-7: LEARN MODE ACTIVATION

TACK

TLRN

TRESP

CLK

μC DATA

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

TACK2

ecoder DATA

START Command

B

Command Byte

Dummy Byte

Acknowledge

A

C

D

E

F

DS40183E-page 12

HCS515

FIGURE 4-8: LEARN STATUS MESSAGE AFTER FIRST TRANSMISSION

TACT

TCLL

TCLKL

TCLKH

CLK

TCLH

TCLA

TDHI

0

Decoder

Data

Command Request

Status Byte

A

B

C

FIGURE 4-9: LEARN STATUS MESSAGE AFTER SECOND TRANSMISSION

TACT

TCLL

TCLKL

TCLKH

CLK

TCLH

TCLA

TDHI

0

OVR RSLT

0

CNT0

CNT3 TX0

TX3 RX0 RX1

RX62 RX63

1

Decoder

DATA

Communications Request

Learn Status Bits

Decoded TX

A

B

CI

CII

4.3

Stand-Alone Mode

4.4

Erase All Command and Erase

Command

The HCS515 decoder can also be used in stand-alone

applications. The HCS515 will activate the data line for

up to 500 ms if a valid transmission was received, and

this output can be used to drive a relay circuit. To acti-

vate learn or erase all commands, a button must be

connected to the CLK input. User feedback is indicated

on an LED connected to the S_DAToutput line. If the

CLK line is pulled high, using the learn button, the LED

will switch on. After the CLK line is kept high for longer

than 2 seconds, the decoder will switch the LED line off,

indicating that learn will be entered if the button is

released. If the CLK line is kept high for another 6 sec-

onds, the decoder will activate an ERASE_ALLcom-

mand.

The Table 4-3 describes two versions of the Erase All

command.

TABLE 4-3:

ERASE ALL COMMAND

Command

Byte

Subcommand

Description

Byte

Erase all

transmitters.

C3 HEX

00HEX

Erase all transmit-

ters except 1. The

first transmitter in

memory is not

erased.

C3 HEX

01HEX

Learn mode can be aborted by taking the clock line

high until the data line goes high (LED switches on).

During learn, the data line will give feedback to the user

and, therefore, must not be connected to the relay drive

circuitry.

Subcommand 01 can be used where a transmitter with

permanent status is implemented in the microcontroller

software. Use of subcommand 01 ensures that the

permanent transmitter remains in memory even when

all other transmitters are erased. The first transmitter

learned after any of the following events is the first

transmitter in memory and becomes the permanent

transmitter:

Note: The Repeat bit must be cleared in the

configuration byte in Stand-alone

mode.

After taking the clock low and before a transmitter is

learned, any low-to-high change on the clock line may

terminate learn. This has learn implications when a

switch with contact bounce is used.

1. Programming of the manufacturer’s code.

2. Erasing of all transmitters

(subcommand 00only).

DS40183E-page 13

HCS515

4. Synchronization counter value = any value

(synchronization information is ignored).

4.5

Test Mode

A special Test mode is activated after:

Because the synchronization counter value is ignored

in Test mode, any number of test transmitters can be

used, even if their synchronization counter values are

different.

1. Programming of the manufacturer’s code.

2. Erasing of all transmitters.

Test mode can be used to test a decoder before any

transmitters are learned on it. Test mode enables test-

ing of decoders without spending the time to learn a

transmitter. Test mode is terminated after the first suc-

cessful learning of an ordinary transmitter. In test

mode, the decoder responds to a test transmitter. The

test transmitter has the following properties:

4.6

Power Supply Supervisor

Reliable operation of the HCS515 requires that the

contents of the EEPROM memory be protected against

erroneous writes. To ensure that erroneous writes do

not occur after supply voltage “brown-out” conditions,

the use of a proper power supply supervisor device is

imperative (Figure 4-11 and Figure 9-2).

1. Encoder decryption key = manufacturer’s code.

2. Serial number = any value.

3. Discrimination bits = lower 10 bits of the serial

number.

FIGURE 4-10: STAND-ALONE MODE LEARN/ERASE-ALL TIMING

TREQ

TLRN

TERA

TLRN

CLK

DATA

Learn Activation

Erase-All Activation

Successful

A

B

C

D

E

FIGURE 4-11: TYPICAL STAND-ALONE APPLICATION CIRCUIT

from RF Receiver

VDD

HCS515

VDD

1

14

13

12

11

10

9

NC

X

2

3

4

5

6

7

NC

VSS

VDD

S1

VDD

LEARN

RF_IN

S_CLK

S_DAT

NC

MCP100-450

Voltage Supervisor

S0

VI

RST

GND

MCLR

NC

8

X

10KΩ

10KΩ 10KΩ

OUTPUT1

OUTPUT0

VDD

LED

RELAY SPST

NPN

DS40183E-page 14

HCS515

5.1

Configuration Byte

5.0

DECODER PROGRAMMING

The decoder is configured during initialization by set-

ting the appropriate bits in the configuration byte. The

following table list the options:

The memory is divided between system memory that

stores the transmitter information (read protected) and

user memory (read/write). Commands to access the

user memory are described in Sections 4.2.5 and

4.2.6.

Bit

Mnemonic

Description

The following information stored in system memory

needs to be programmed before the decoder can be

used:

0

Learning mode selection

LRN_MODE = 0– Normal

Learn

LRN_MODE

•

64-bit manufacturer’s code

LRN_MODE = 1– Secure

Learn

• Decoder configuration byte

1

2

Not Used

Reserved

Note 1: These memory locations are read pro-

tected and can only be written to using

the program command with the device

powered up.

Repeat Transmission enable

0= Disable

REPEAT

1= Enabled

3

4

5

6

7

Not Used

Reserved

2: The contents of the system memory is

encrypted by a unique 64-bit key that

is stored in the HCS515. To initialize

the system memory, the HCS515’s

program command must be used.

5.1.1

LRN_MODE

LRN_MODEselects between two learning modes. With

LRN_MODE = 0, the Normal (serial number derived)

mode is selected; with LRN_MODE = 1, the Secure

(seed derived) mode is selected. See Section 6.0 for

more detail on learning modes.

5.1.2

REPEAT

The HCS515 can be configured to indicate repeated

transmissions. In a stand-alone configuration, repeated

transmissions must be disabled.

DS40183E-page 15

HCS515

5.2

Programming Waveform

5.3

Programming Data String

The programming command consists of the following:

A total of 80 bits are clocked into the decoder. The 8-bit

command byte is clocked in first, followed by the 8-bit

configuration byte and the 64-bit manufacturer’s code.

The data must be clocked in Least Significant bit (LSb)

first. The decoder will then encrypt the manufacturer’s

code using the decoder’s unique 64-bit EEPROM

encoder decryption key. After completion of the pro-

gramming EEPROM, the decoder will acknowledge by

taking the data line high (G to H). If the data line goes

high within 30 ms after the clock goes high, program-

ming also fails.

• Command Request Sequence (A to B)

• Command Byte (B to C)

• Configuration Byte (C to D)

• Manufacturer’s Code Eight Data Bytes (D to G)

• Activation and Acknowledge Sequence (G to H)

FIGURE 5-1: PROGRAMMING WAVEFORM

TCLKL

TDATA

TACK

TWTH

TREQ

TCLKH

TSTART

TDS

CLK

μC

Data

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

LSB

MSB

TWTL

TRESP

HCS515

Data

START Command Command Byte

Configuration Byte

Least Significant Byte

Most Significant Byte Acknowledge

A

F

G

H

B

C

E

D

TABLE 5-1:

Symbol

PROGRAMMING COMMAND

Parameters

Sugg. Value

Min.

Max.

Units

TREQ

TRESP

TSTART

TCLKH

TCLKL

TDS

Command request time

Acknowledge time

d.o.d.

100

50

0.005

10

500

1000

240

ms

μs

ms

μs

Command request to first command bit

Clock high time

20

Clock low time

20

Data hold time

14

TDATA

TACK

Command last bit to data first bit

Command acknowledge time

Acknowledge respond time

Clock low to next command

100

d.o.d.

100

10

30

TWTH

TWTL

20

1000

—

10

Note: d.o.d. - depends on decoder status

These parameters are characterized but not tested

DS40183E-page 16

HCS515

6.0

KEY GENERATION

The HCS515 supports two learning schemes which are selected during the initialization of the system EEPROM. The

learning schemes are:

• Normal learn using the KEELOQ decryption algorithm

• Secure learn using the KEELOQ decryption algorithm

6.1

Normal (Serial Number derived) Learn using the Decryption Algorithm

This learning scheme uses the KEELOQ decryption algorithm and the 28-bit serial number of the transmitter to derive

the encoder decryption key. The 28-bit serial number is patched with predefined values as indicated below to form two

32-bit seeds.

SourceH = 60000000 00000000H + Serial Number | _{28 bits}

SourceL = 20000000 00000000H + Serial Number | _{28 bits}

Then, using the KEELOQ decryption algorithm and the manufacturer’s code the encoder decryption key is

derived as follows:

KeyH _{Upper 32 bits}= F _{KEELOQ Decryption}(SourceH) | _{64-bit Manufacturer’s Code}

KeyL _{Lower 32 bits}= F _{KEELOQ Decryption}(SourceL) | _{64-bit Manufacturer’s Code}

6.2

Secure (Seed Derived) Learn using the Decryption Algorithm

This scheme uses the secure seed transmitted by the encoder to derive the two input seeds. The decoder always uses

the lower 64 bits of the transmission to form a 60-bit seed. The upper 4 bits are always forced to zero.

For 32-bit seed encoders:

SourceH = Serial Number _{Lower 28 bits}

SourceL = Seed _{32 bits}

For 48-bit seed encoders:

SourceH = Seed _{Upper 16 bits}+ Serial Number _{Upper 16 bits}(with upper 4 bits set to zero) << 16

SourceL = Seed _{Lower 32 bits}

For 60-bit seed encoders:

SourceH = Seed _{Upper 28 bits}with upper 4 bits set to zero

SourceL = Seed _{Lower 32 bits}

The KEELOQ decryption algorithm and the manufacturer’s code is used to derive the encoder decryption key as

follows:

KeyH _{Upper 32 bits}= Decrypt (SourceH)

KeyL _{Lower 32 bits}= Decrypt (SourceL)

64-bit Manufacturer’s Code

DS40183E-page 17

HCS515

7.2

Code Word Organization

7.0

7.1

ENCODERS

The HCS encoder transmits a 66/69-bit code word

when a button is pressed. The 66/69-bit word is con-

structed from a code hopping portion and a non-code

hopping portion (Figure 7-2).

Transmission Format (PWM)

The encoder transmission is made up of several parts

(Figure 7-1). Each transmission begins with

a

preamble and a header, followed by the encrypted and

then the fixed data. The actual data is 66/69 bits, which

consist of 32 bits of encrypted data and 34/37 bits of

non-encrypted data. Each transmission is followed by

a guard period before another transmission can begin.

The code hopping portion provides up to four billion

changing code combinations and includes the button

status bits (based on which buttons were activated),

along with the synchronization counter value and some

discrimination bits. The non-code hopping portion is

comprised of the status bits, the function bits, and the

28-bit serial number. The encrypted and non-encrypted

combined sections increase the number of combina-

The Encrypted Data is generated from four button bits,

two overflow counter bits, ten discrimination bits, and

the 16-bit synchronization counter value.

The Non-encrypted Data is made up from 2 status

bits, 4 function bits, and the 28/32-bit serial number.

tions to 7.38 x 10¹⁹

.

FIGURE 7-1: TRANSMISSION FORMAT (PWM)

TE

LOGIC "0"

LOGIC "1"

TBP

50% Preamble

10xTE

Header

Encrypted

Portion

Fixed Code

Portion

Guard

Time

FIGURE 7-2:

CODE WORD ORGANIZATION

34 bits of Fixed Portion

32 bits of Encrypted Portion

Repeat VLOW

(1-bit) (1-bit)

Button

Status

Serial Number

(28 bits)

Button

Status

OVR

(2 bits) (10 bits)

DISC

Sync Counter

(16 bits)

S2 S1 S0 S3

MSb

LSb

66 Data bits

Transmitted

LSb first.

Repeat VLOW

(1-bit) (1-bit)

Button

Status

1 1 1 1

Serial Number

(28 bits)

SEED

(32 bits)

LSb

SEED replaces Encrypted Portion when all button inputs are activated at the same time.

DS40183E-page 18

HCS515

8.1

MPLAB Integrated Development

Environment Software

8.0

DEVELOPMENT SUPPORT

The PIC^®microcontrollers and dsPIC^®digital signal

controllers are supported with a full range of software

and hardware development tools:

The MPLAB IDE software brings an ease of software

development previously unseen in the 8/16/32-bit

microcontroller market. The MPLAB IDE is a Windows^®

operating system-based application that contains:

• Integrated Development Environment

- MPLAB^®IDE Software

• A single graphical interface to all debugging tools

- Simulator

• Compilers/Assemblers/Linkers

- MPLAB C Compiler for Various Device

Families

- Programmer (sold separately)

- In-Circuit Emulator (sold separately)

- In-Circuit Debugger (sold separately)

• A full-featured editor with color-coded context

• A multiple project manager

- HI-TECH C for Various Device Families

- MPASM^TMAssembler

- MPLINK^TMObject Linker/

MPLIB^TMObject Librarian

- MPLAB Assembler/Linker/Librarian for

Various Device Families

• Customizable data windows with direct edit of

contents

• Simulators

• High-level source code debugging

• Mouse over variable inspection

- MPLAB SIM Software Simulator

• Emulators

• Drag and drop variables from source to watch

windows

- MPLAB REAL ICE™ In-Circuit Emulator

• In-Circuit Debuggers

• Extensive on-line help

• Integration of select third party tools, such as

IAR C Compilers

- MPLAB ICD 3

- PICkit™ 3 Debug Express

• Device Programmers

- PICkit™ 2 Programmer

- MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer

The MPLAB IDE allows you to:

• Edit your source files (either C or assembly)

• One-touch compile or assemble, and download to

emulator and simulator tools (automatically

updates all project information)

• Low-Cost Demonstration/Development Boards,

Evaluation Kits, and Starter Kits

• Debug using:

- Source files (C or assembly)

- Mixed C and assembly

- Machine code

MPLAB IDE supports multiple debugging tools in a

single development paradigm, from the cost-effective

simulators, through low-cost in-circuit debuggers, to

full-featured emulators. This eliminates the learning

curve when upgrading to tools with increased flexibility

and power.

DS40183E-page 19

HCS515

8.2

MPLAB C Compilers for Various

Device Families

8.5

MPLINK Object Linker/

MPLIB Object Librarian

The MPLAB C Compiler code development systems

are complete ANSI C compilers for Microchip’s PIC18,

PIC24 and PIC32 families of microcontrollers and the

dsPIC30 and dsPIC33 families of digital signal control-

lers. These compilers provide powerful integration

capabilities, superior code optimization and ease of

use.

The MPLINK Object Linker combines relocatable

objects created by the MPASM Assembler and the

MPLAB C18 C Compiler. It can link relocatable objects

from precompiled libraries, using directives from a

linker script.

The MPLIB Object Librarian manages the creation and

modification of library files of precompiled code. When

a routine from a library is called from a source file, only

the modules that contain that routine will be linked in

with the application. This allows large libraries to be

used efficiently in many different applications.

For easy source level debugging, the compilers provide

symbol information that is optimized to the MPLAB IDE

debugger.

8.3

HI-TECH C for Various Device

Families

The object linker/library features include:

• Efficient linking of single libraries instead of many

smaller files

The HI-TECH C Compiler code development systems

are complete ANSI C compilers for Microchip’s PIC

family of microcontrollers and the dsPIC family of digital

signal controllers. These compilers provide powerful

integration capabilities, omniscient code generation

and ease of use.

• Enhanced code maintainability by grouping

related modules together

• Flexible creation of libraries with easy module

listing, replacement, deletion and extraction

8.6

MPLAB Assembler, Linker and

Librarian for Various Device

Families

For easy source level debugging, the compilers provide

symbol information that is optimized to the MPLAB IDE

debugger.

The compilers include a macro assembler, linker, pre-

processor, and one-step driver, and can run on multiple

platforms.

MPLAB Assembler produces relocatable machine

code from symbolic assembly language for PIC24,

PIC32 and dsPIC devices. MPLAB C Compiler uses

the assembler to produce its object file. The assembler

generates relocatable object files that can then be

archived or linked with other relocatable object files and

archives to create an executable file. Notable features

of the assembler include:

8.4

MPASM Assembler

The MPASM Assembler is a full-featured, universal

macro assembler for PIC10/12/16/18 MCUs.

The MPASM Assembler generates relocatable object

files for the MPLINK Object Linker, Intel^®standard HEX

files, MAP files to detail memory usage and symbol

reference, absolute LST files that contain source lines

and generated machine code and COFF files for

debugging.

• Support for the entire device instruction set

• Support for fixed-point and floating-point data

• Command line interface

• Rich directive set

• Flexible macro language

The MPASM Assembler features include:

• Integration into MPLAB IDE projects

• MPLAB IDE compatibility

• User-defined macros to streamline

assembly code

• Conditional assembly for multi-purpose

source files

• Directives that allow complete control over the

assembly process

DS40183E-page 20

HCS515

8.7

MPLAB SIM Software Simulator

8.9

MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger

System

The MPLAB SIM Software Simulator allows code

development in a PC-hosted environment by simulat-

ing the PIC^®MCUs and dsPIC^®DSCs on an instruction

level. On any given instruction, the data areas can be

examined or modified and stimuli can be applied from

a comprehensive stimulus controller. Registers can be

logged to files for further run-time analysis. The trace

buffer and logic analyzer display extend the power of

the simulator to record and track program execution,

actions on I/O, most peripherals and internal registers.

MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger System is Micro-

chip's most cost effective high-speed hardware

debugger/programmer for Microchip Flash Digital Sig-

nal Controller (DSC) and microcontroller (MCU)

devices. It debugs and programs PIC^®Flash microcon-

trollers and dsPIC^®DSCs with the powerful, yet easy-

to-use graphical user interface of MPLAB Integrated

Development Environment (IDE).

The MPLAB ICD 3 In-Circuit Debugger probe is con-

nected to the design engineer's PC using a high-speed

USB 2.0 interface and is connected to the target with a

connector compatible with the MPLAB ICD 2 or MPLAB

REAL ICE systems (RJ-11). MPLAB ICD 3 supports all

MPLAB ICD 2 headers.

The MPLAB SIM Software Simulator fully supports

symbolic debugging using the MPLAB C Compilers,

and the MPASM and MPLAB Assemblers. The soft-

ware simulator offers the flexibility to develop and

debug code outside of the hardware laboratory envi-

ronment, making it an excellent, economical software

development tool.

8.10 PICkit 3 In-Circuit Debugger/

Programmer and

8.8

MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit

Emulator System

PICkit 3 Debug Express

The MPLAB PICkit 3 allows debugging and program-

ming of PIC^®and dsPIC^®Flash microcontrollers at a

most affordable price point using the powerful graphical

user interface of the MPLAB Integrated Development

Environment (IDE). The MPLAB PICkit 3 is connected

to the design engineer's PC using a full speed USB

interface and can be connected to the target via an

Microchip debug (RJ-11) connector (compatible with

MPLAB ICD 3 and MPLAB REAL ICE). The connector

uses two device I/O pins and the reset line to imple-

ment in-circuit debugging and In-Circuit Serial Pro-

gramming™.

MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System is

Microchip’s next generation high-speed emulator for

Microchip Flash DSC and MCU devices. It debugs and

programs PIC^®Flash MCUs and dsPIC^®Flash DSCs

with the easy-to-use, powerful graphical user interface of

the MPLAB Integrated Development Environment (IDE),

included with each kit.

The emulator is connected to the design engineer’s PC

using a high-speed USB 2.0 interface and is connected

to the target with either a connector compatible with in-

circuit debugger systems (RJ11) or with the new high-

speed, noise tolerant, Low-Voltage Differential Signal

(LVDS) interconnection (CAT5).

The PICkit 3 Debug Express include the PICkit 3, demo

board and microcontroller, hookup cables and CDROM

with user’s guide, lessons, tutorial, compiler and

MPLAB IDE software.

The emulator is field upgradable through future firmware

downloads in MPLAB IDE. In upcoming releases of

MPLAB IDE, new devices will be supported, and new

features will be added. MPLAB REAL ICE offers

significant advantages over competitive emulators

including low-cost, full-speed emulation, run-time

variable watches, trace analysis, complex breakpoints, a

ruggedized probe interface and long (up to three meters)

interconnection cables.

DS40183E-page 21

HCS515

8.11 PICkit 2 Development

Programmer/Debugger and

PICkit 2 Debug Express

8.13 Demonstration/Development

Boards, Evaluation Kits, and

Starter Kits

The PICkit™ 2 Development Programmer/Debugger is

a low-cost development tool with an easy to use inter-

face for programming and debugging Microchip’s Flash

families of microcontrollers. The full featured

Windows^®programming interface supports baseline

A wide variety of demonstration, development and

evaluation boards for various PIC MCUs and dsPIC

DSCs allows quick application development on fully func-

tional systems. Most boards include prototyping areas for

adding custom circuitry and provide application firmware

and source code for examination and modification.

(PIC10F,

PIC12F5xx,

PIC16F5xx),

midrange

(PIC12F6xx, PIC16F), PIC18F, PIC24, dsPIC30,

dsPIC33, and PIC32 families of 8-bit, 16-bit, and 32-bit

microcontrollers, and many Microchip Serial EEPROM

products. With Microchip’s powerful MPLAB Integrated

The boards support a variety of features, including LEDs,

temperature sensors, switches, speakers, RS-232

interfaces, LCD displays, potentiometers and additional

EEPROM memory.

Development Environment (IDE) the PICkit™

2

enables in-circuit debugging on most PIC^®microcon-

trollers. In-Circuit-Debugging runs, halts and single

steps the program while the PIC microcontroller is

embedded in the application. When halted at a break-

point, the file registers can be examined and modified.

The demonstration and development boards can be

used in teaching environments, for prototyping custom

circuits and for learning about various microcontroller

applications.

In addition to the PICDEM™ and dsPICDEM™ demon-

stration/development board series of circuits, Microchip

has a line of evaluation kits and demonstration software

The PICkit 2 Debug Express include the PICkit 2, demo

board and microcontroller, hookup cables and CDROM

with user’s guide, lessons, tutorial, compiler and

MPLAB IDE software.

®

for analog filter design, KEELOQ security ICs, CAN,

IrDA^®, PowerSmart battery management, SEEVAL^®

evaluation system, Sigma-Delta ADC, flow rate

sensing, plus many more.

8.12 MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer

Also available are starter kits that contain everything

needed to experience the specified device. This usually

includes a single application and debug capability, all

on one board.

The MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer is a universal,

CE compliant device programmer with programmable

voltage verification at VDDMIN and VDDMAX for

maximum reliability. It features a large LCD display

(128 x 64) for menus and error messages and a modu-

lar, detachable socket assembly to support various

package types. The ICSP™ cable assembly is included

as a standard item. In Stand-Alone mode, the MPLAB

PM3 Device Programmer can read, verify and program

PIC devices without a PC connection. It can also set

code protection in this mode. The MPLAB PM3

connects to the host PC via an RS-232 or USB cable.

The MPLAB PM3 has high-speed communications and

optimized algorithms for quick programming of large

memory devices and incorporates an MMC card for file

storage and data applications.

Check the Microchip web page (www.microchip.com)

for the complete list of demonstration, development

and evaluation kits.

DS40183E-page 22

HCS515

9.0

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Absolute Maximum Ratings^†

Ambient temperature under bias............................................................................................................ -40°C to +125°C

Storage temperature ..............................................................................................................................-65°C to +150°C

Voltage on any pin with respect to VSS (except VDD)......................................................................... -0.6V to VDD +0.6V

Voltage on VDD with respect to Vss ..................................................................................................................0 to +7.0V

Total power dissipation (Note) .............................................................................................................................700 mW

Maximum current out of VSS pin ...........................................................................................................................200 mA

Maximum current into VDD pin ..............................................................................................................................150 mA

Input clamp current, IIK (VI < 0 or VI > VDD).........................................................................................................± 20 mA

Output clamp current, IOK (VO < 0 or VO >VDD)..................................................................................................± 20 mA

Maximum output current sunk by any I/O pin..........................................................................................................25 mA

Maximum output current sourced by any I/O pin ....................................................................................................25 mA

Note: Power dissipation is calculated as follows: PDIS = VDD x {IDD - ∑IOH} + ∑{(VDD–VOH) x IOH} + ∑(VOL x IOL)

^†NOTICE: Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the

device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other condi-

tions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to

maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

DS40183E-page 23

HCS515

TABLE 9-1:

DC CHARACTERISTICS

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)

Operating temperature

Commercial (C):

Industrial (I):

0°C ≤TA ≤+70°C

-40°C ≤TA ≤+85°C

Typ.^(†)

Symbol

Parameters

Min.

Max.

Units

Conditions

VDD

Supply voltage

4.5

—

5.5

—

V

—

VPOR

VDD start voltage to

ensure RESET

Vss

SVDD

VDD rise rate to

ensure RESET

0.05*

—

V/ms

—

IDD

IPD

Supply current

—

1.8

10

—

2.

mA

μA

V

FOSC = 4 MHz, VDD = 5.5V

VDD = 4.5V

Power-Down Current

—

VSS

50

MCLR = .2 VDD

VIL

Input low voltage

Input high voltage

VSS

0.8

V

VDD between 4.5V and 5.5V

Except MCLR = 0.80 VDD

IOL = 8.5 mA, VDD = 4.5V

IOH = -3 mA, VDD = 4.5V

0.25 VDD + 0.8

VDD

V

VIH

V

VOL

VOH

Output low voltage

Output high voltage

—

0.6

—

V

VDD - 0.7

V

†

*

Data in “Typ” column is at 5.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only

and are not tested.

These parameters are characterized but not tested.

Note: Negative current is defined as coming out of the pin.

TABLE 9-2:

AC CHARACTERISTICS

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified):

Commercial (C): 0°C ≤TA ≤+70°C

Industrial (I):

-40°C ≤TA ≤+85°C

Symbol

Parameters

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Units

Conditions

TE

Transmit elemental period

Output delay

65

48

—

75

660

237

—

μs

ms

ns

—

TOD

TMCLR MCLR low time

TOV Time output valid

150

—

150

222

ms

Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

FIGURE 9-1: RESET WATCHDOG TIMER, OSCILLATOR START-UP TIMER AND POWER-UP

TIMER TIMING

VDD

MCLR

TMCLR

Tov

I/O Pins

DS40183E-page 24

HCS515

9.1

AC Electrical Characteristics

9.1.1

VALID TRANSMISSION NOTIFICATION

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified)

Commercial (C): 0°C ≤TA ≤+70°C

Industrial (I):

-40°C ≤TA ≤+85°C

Symbol

Parameters

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Units

TDHI

TCLA

TACK

TACT

Command request time

0.0050

—

500

1

ms

μs

Micro request acknowledge time

Decoder Acknowledge time

4

Start Command mode to

first command bit

20

—

1200

μs

TCLKH

TCLKL

FCLK

TDS

Clock high time

Clock low time

Clock frequency

Data hold time

20

—

1000

25000

1000

μs

Hz

μs

500

14

Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

9.1.2

COMMAND MODE ACTIVATION

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified):

Commercial (C): 0°C ≤TA ≤+70°C

Industrial (I):

-40°C ≤TA ≤+85°C

Symbol

Parameters

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Units

TREQ

Command request time

0.0050

—

500

ms

Microcontroller request

acknowledge time

TRESP

TACK

—

20

—

1

4

ms

μs

Decoder acknowledge time

Start Command mode to first

command bit

TSTART

1000

μs

TCLKH

TCLKL

FCLK

Clock high time

20

500

14

—

1000

25000

—

μs

Hz

μs

Clock low time

Clock frequency

Data hold time

TDS

TCMD

TADDR

TDATA

Command validate time

Address validate time

Data validate time

10

—

10

—

10

Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

9.1.3 READ FROM USER EEPROM COMMAND

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified):

Commercial (C): 0°C ≤TA ≤+70°C

Industrial (I):

-40°C ≤TA ≤+85°C

Symbol

Parameters

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Units

TRD

Decoder EEPROM read time

1000

—

2000

μs

Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

DS40183E-page 25

HCS515

9.1.4

WRITE TO USER EEPROM COMMAND

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified):

Commercial (C): 0°C ≤TA ≤+70°C

Industrial (I):

-40°C ≤TA ≤+85°C

Symbol

Parameters

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Units

TWR

TACK

Write command activation time

EEPROM write acknowledge time

20

—

1000

10

μs

ms

TRESP

Microcontroller acknowledge

response time

20

—

1000

10

μs

TACK2

Decoder response

acknowledge time

Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

9.1.5

ERASE ALL COMMAND

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified):

Commercial (C): 0°C ≤TA ≤+70°C

Industrial (I):

-40°C ≤TA ≤+85°C

Symbol

Parameters

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Units

TERA

TACK

Learn command activation time

Decoder acknowledge time

20

—

1000

210

μs

ms

Microcontroller acknowledge

response time

TRESP

20

—

1000

10

μs

TACK2

Decoder data line low

Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

9.1.6 ACTIVATE LEARN COMMAND IN MICRO MODE

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified):

Commercial (C): 0°C ≤TA ≤+70 °C

Industrial (I):

-40°C ≤TA ≤+85°C

Symbol

Parameters

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Units

TLRN

TACK

Learn command activation time

Decoder acknowledge time

20

—

1000

20

μs

Microcontroller acknowledge

response time

TRESP

20

—

1000

10

μs

TACK2

Decoder data line low

Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

9.1.7 ACTIVATE LEARN COMMAND IN STAND-ALONE MODE

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified):

Commercial (C): 0°C ≤TA ≤+70°C

Industrial (I):

-40°C ≤TA ≤+85°C

Symbol

Parameters

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Units

TREQ

TLRN

TERA

Command request time

—

100

2

ms

s

Learn command activation time

Erase-all command activation time

6

s

Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

DS40183E-page 26

HCS515

9.1.8

LEARN STATUS STRING

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise specified):

Commercial (C): 0°C ≤TA ≤+70°C

Industrial (I):

-40°C ≤TA ≤+85°C

Symbol

Parameters

Min.

Typ.

Max.

Units

TDHI

TCLA

Command request time

—

500

ms

Microcontroller command

request time

0.005

—

500

ms

TACT

TCLH

TCLL

Decoder request acknowledge time

Clock high hold time

Clock low hold time

Clock high time

10

1.2

μs

ms

μs

0.020

20

—

1.2

TCLKH

TCLKL

FCLK

TDS

1000

25000

5

Clock low time

20

μs

Clock frequency

500

—

Hz

μs

Data hold time

Note: These parameters are characterized but not tested.

FIGURE 9-2: TYPICAL MICROCONTROLLER INTERFACE CIRCUIT

RF

Receiver

HCS515

VDD

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

14

13

12

11

10

9

NC

VSS

NC

VDD

S1

S0

X

RST

Microcontroller

CLK

DAT

VDD

X

RF_IN

S_CLK

S_DAT

NC

MCP100-450

Voltage Supervisor

G

N

D

VI

VO

MCLR

NC

8

X

10K

In-circuit

Programming

Probe Pads

DS40183E-page 27

HCS515

10.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION

10.1 Package Marking Information

14-Lead PDIP

Example

HCS515

XXXXXXXXXXXXXX

YYWWNNN

0025NNN

14-Lead SOIC

Example

XXXXXXXXXXXXXX

HCS515

XXXXXXXXXXXXXX

YYWWNNN

0025NNN

Legend: XX...X Customer specific information*

YY

WW

Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)

Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’)

NNN Alphanumeric traceability code

Note: In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will

be carried over to the next line thus limiting the number of available characters

for customer specific information.

*

Standard OTP marking consists of Microchip part number, year code, week code, and traceability code.

For OTP marking beyond this, certain price adders apply. Please check with your Microchip Sales Office.

For QTP devices, any special marking adders are included in QTP price.

DS40183E-page 28

HCS515

10.2 Package Details

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DS40183E-page 29

HCS515

Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at

http://www.microchip.com/packaging

DS40183E-page 30

HCS515

Note: For the most current package drawings, please see the Microchip Packaging Specification located at

http://www.microchip.com/packaging

DS40183E-page 31

HCS515

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DS40183E-page 32

HCS515

APPENDIX A: ADDITIONAL

INFORMATION

Microchip’s Secure Data Products are covered by

some or all of the following:

Code hopping encoder patents issued in European

countries and U.S.A.

Secure learning patents issued in European countries,

U.S.A. and R.S.A.

REVISION HISTORY

Revision E (June 2011)

• Updated the following sections: Development Sup-

port, The Microchip Web Site, Reader Response

and HCS515 Product Identification System

• Added new section Appendix A

• Minor formatting and text changes were incorporated

throughout the document

DS40183E-page 33

HCS515

THE MICROCHIP WEB SITE

CUSTOMER SUPPORT

Microchip provides online support via our WWW site at

www.microchip.com. This web site is used as a means

to make files and information easily available to

customers. Accessible by using your favorite Internet

browser, the web site contains the following

information:

Users of Microchip products can receive assistance

through several channels:

• Distributor or Representative

• Local Sales Office

• Field Application Engineer (FAE)

• Technical Support

• Product Support – Data sheets and errata,

application notes and sample programs, design

resources, user’s guides and hardware support

documents, latest software releases and archived

software

• Development Systems Information Line

Customers

should

contact

their

distributor,

representative or field application engineer (FAE) for

support. Local sales offices are also available to help

customers. A listing of sales offices and locations is

included in the back of this document.

• General Technical Support – Frequently Asked

Questions (FAQ), technical support requests,

online discussion groups, Microchip consultant

program member listing

Technical support is available through the web site

at: http://microchip.com/support

• Business of Microchip – Product selector and

ordering guides, latest Microchip press releases,

listing of seminars and events, listings of

Microchip sales offices, distributors and factory

representatives

CUSTOMER CHANGE NOTIFICATION

SERVICE

Microchip’s customer notification service helps keep

customers current on Microchip products. Subscribers

will receive e-mail notification whenever there are

changes, updates, revisions or errata related to a

specified product family or development tool of interest.

To register, access the Microchip web site at

www.microchip.com. Under “Support”, click on

“Customer Change Notification” and follow the

registration instructions.

DS40183E-page 34

HCS515

READER RESPONSE

It is our intention to provide you with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip

product. If you wish to provide your comments on organization, clarity, subject matter, and ways in which our

documentation can better serve you, please FAX your comments to the Technical Publications Manager at

(480) 792-4150.

Please list the following information, and use this outline to provide us with your comments about this document.

TO:

RE:

Technical Publications Manager

Reader Response

Total Pages Sent ________

From:

Name

Company

Address

City / State / ZIP / Country

Telephone: (_______) _________ - _________

FAX: (______) _________ - _________

Application (optional):

Would you like a reply?

Y

N

HCS515

DS40183E

Literature Number:

Device:

Questions:

1. What are the best features of this document?

2. How does this document meet your hardware and software development needs?

3. Do you find the organization of this document easy to follow? If not, why?

4. What additions to the document do you think would enhance the structure and subject?

5. What deletions from the document could be made without affecting the overall usefulness?

6. Is there any incorrect or misleading information (what and where)?

7. How would you improve this document?

DS40183E-page 35

HCS515

HCS515 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.

HCS515

—

/P

Package:

P = Plastic DIP (300 mil Body), 14-lead

SL = Plastic SOIC (150 mil Body), 14-lead

Temperature

Range:

Blank = 0°C to +70°C

I = –40°C to +85°C

Device:

HCS515

HCS515T

Code Hopping Decoder

Code Hopping Decoder (Tape and Reel)

DS40183E-page 36

Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:

•

Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.

•

Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the

intended manner and under normal conditions.

•

There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our

knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data

Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.

•

Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.

Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not

mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.”

Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our

products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts

allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.

Information contained in this publication regarding device

applications and the like is provided only for your convenience

and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to

ensure that your application meets with your specifications.

MICROCHIP MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR

WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND WHETHER EXPRESS OR

IMPLIED, WRITTEN OR ORAL, STATUTORY OR

OTHERWISE, RELATED TO THE INFORMATION,

INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ITS CONDITION,

QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY OR

FITNESS FOR PURPOSE. Microchip disclaims all liability

arising from this information and its use. Use of Microchip

devices in life support and/or safety applications is entirely at

the buyer’s risk, and the buyer agrees to defend, indemnify and

hold harmless Microchip from any and all damages, claims,

suits, or expenses resulting from such use. No licenses are

conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any Microchip

intellectual property rights.

Trademarks

The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, dsPIC,

KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART,

PIC³²logo, rfPIC and UNI/O are registered trademarks of

Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other

countries.

FilterLab, Hampshire, HI-TECH C, Linear Active Thermistor,

MXDEV, MXLAB, SEEVAL and The Embedded Control

Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip

Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A.

Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, CodeGuard,

dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, dsSPEAK, ECAN,

ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, HI-TIDE, In-Circuit Serial

Programming, ICSP, Mindi, MiWi, MPASM, MPLAB Certified

logo, MPLIB, MPLINK, mTouch, Omniscient Code

Generation, PICC, PICC-18, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICkit,

PICtail, REAL ICE, rfLAB, Select Mode, Total Endurance,

TSHARC, UniWinDriver, WiperLock and ZENA are

trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the

U.S.A. and other countries.

SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated

in the U.S.A.

All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their

respective companies.

Printed on recycled paper.

ISBN: 978-1-61341-227-5

Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 certification for its worldwide

headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and

Tempe, Arizona; Gresham, Oregon and design centers in California

and India. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures

are for its PIC^®MCUs and dsPIC^®DSCs, KEELOQ^®code hopping

devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and

analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design

and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.

DS40183E-page 37

Worldwide Sales and Service

AMERICAS

ASIA/PACIFIC

EUROPE

Corporate Office

2355 West Chandler Blvd.

Chandler, AZ 85224-6199

Tel: 480-792-7200

Fax: 480-792-7277

Technical Support:

http://www.microchip.com/

support

Asia Pacific Office

Suites 3707-14, 37th Floor

Tower 6, The Gateway

Harbour City, Kowloon

Hong Kong

Tel: 852-2401-1200

Fax: 852-2401-3431

India - Bangalore

Tel: 91-80-3090-4444

Fax: 91-80-3090-4123

Austria - Wels

Tel: 43-7242-2244-39

Fax: 43-7242-2244-393

Denmark - Copenhagen

Tel: 45-4450-2828

Fax: 45-4485-2829

India - New Delhi

Tel: 91-11-4160-8631

Fax: 91-11-4160-8632

France - Paris

Tel: 33-1-69-53-63-20

Fax: 33-1-69-30-90-79

India - Pune

Tel: 91-20-2566-1512

Fax: 91-20-2566-1513

Australia - Sydney

Tel: 61-2-9868-6733

Fax: 61-2-9868-6755

Web Address:

www.microchip.com

Germany - Munich

Tel: 49-89-627-144-0

Fax: 49-89-627-144-44

Japan - Yokohama

Tel: 81-45-471- 6166

Fax: 81-45-471-6122

Atlanta

Duluth, GA

Tel: 678-957-9614

Fax: 678-957-1455

China - Beijing

Tel: 86-10-8569-7000

Fax: 86-10-8528-2104

Italy - Milan

Tel: 39-0331-742611

Fax: 39-0331-466781

Korea - Daegu

Tel: 82-53-744-4301

Fax: 82-53-744-4302

China - Chengdu

Tel: 86-28-8665-5511

Fax: 86-28-8665-7889

Boston

Westborough, MA

Tel: 774-760-0087

Fax: 774-760-0088

Netherlands - Drunen

Tel: 31-416-690399

Fax: 31-416-690340

Korea - Seoul

China - Chongqing

Tel: 86-23-8980-9588

Fax: 86-23-8980-9500

Tel: 82-2-554-7200

Fax: 82-2-558-5932 or

82-2-558-5934

Chicago

Itasca, IL

Tel: 630-285-0071

Fax: 630-285-0075

Spain - Madrid

Tel: 34-91-708-08-90

Fax: 34-91-708-08-91

China - Hangzhou

Tel: 86-571-2819-3180

Fax: 86-571-2819-3189

Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur

Tel: 60-3-6201-9857

Fax: 60-3-6201-9859

UK - Wokingham

Tel: 44-118-921-5869

Fax: 44-118-921-5820

Cleveland

Independence, OH

Tel: 216-447-0464

Fax: 216-447-0643

China - Hong Kong SAR

Tel: 852-2401-1200

Fax: 852-2401-3431

Malaysia - Penang

Tel: 60-4-227-8870

Fax: 60-4-227-4068

Dallas

Addison, TX

Tel: 972-818-7423

Fax: 972-818-2924

China - Nanjing

Tel: 86-25-8473-2460

Fax: 86-25-8473-2470

Philippines - Manila

Tel: 63-2-634-9065

Fax: 63-2-634-9069

China - Qingdao

Tel: 86-532-8502-7355

Fax: 86-532-8502-7205

Singapore

Tel: 65-6334-8870

Fax: 65-6334-8850

Detroit

Farmington Hills, MI

Tel: 248-538-2250

Fax: 248-538-2260

China - Shanghai

Tel: 86-21-5407-5533

Fax: 86-21-5407-5066

Taiwan - Hsin Chu

Tel: 886-3-6578-300

Fax: 886-3-6578-370

Indianapolis

Noblesville, IN

Tel: 317-773-8323

Fax: 317-773-5453

China - Shenyang

Tel: 86-24-2334-2829

Fax: 86-24-2334-2393

Taiwan - Kaohsiung

Tel: 886-7-213-7830

Fax: 886-7-330-9305

Los Angeles

China - Shenzhen

Tel: 86-755-8203-2660

Fax: 86-755-8203-1760

Taiwan - Taipei

Tel: 886-2-2500-6610

Fax: 886-2-2508-0102

Mission Viejo, CA

Tel: 949-462-9523

Fax: 949-462-9608

China - Wuhan

Tel: 86-27-5980-5300

Fax: 86-27-5980-5118

Thailand - Bangkok

Tel: 66-2-694-1351

Fax: 66-2-694-1350

Santa Clara

Santa Clara, CA

Tel: 408-961-6444

Fax: 408-961-6445

China - Xian

Tel: 86-29-8833-7252

Fax: 86-29-8833-7256

Toronto

Mississauga, Ontario,

Canada

China - Xiamen

Tel: 905-673-0699

Fax: 905-673-6509

Tel: 86-592-2388138

Fax: 86-592-2388130

China - Zhuhai

Tel: 86-756-3210040

Fax: 86-756-3210049

05/02/11

DS40183E-page 38

型号:	HCS515-I/SL
是否无铅：	不含铅
是否Rohs认证：	符合
生命周期：	Active
IHS 制造商：	MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY INC
零件包装代码：	SOIC
包装说明：	SOP, SOP14,.25
针数：	14
Reach Compliance Code：	compliant
ECCN代码：	EAR99
HTS代码：	8542.31.00.01
Factory Lead Time：	13 weeks
风险等级：	0.86
Samacsys Confidence：	3
Samacsys Status：	Released
Samacsys PartID：	158815
Samacsys Pin Count：	14
Samacsys Part Category：	Integrated Circuit
Samacsys Package Category：	Small Outline Packages
Samacsys Footprint Name：	14-Lead(SL) SOIC
Samacsys Released Date：	2015-04-16 09:48:08
Is Samacsys：	N
JESD-30 代码：	R-PDSO-G14
JESD-609代码：	e3
长度：	8.69 mm
湿度敏感等级：	1
功能数量：	1
端子数量：	14
最高工作温度：	85 °C
最低工作温度：	-40 °C
封装主体材料：	PLASTIC/EPOXY
封装代码：	SOP
封装等效代码：	SOP14,.25
封装形状：	RECTANGULAR
封装形式：	SMALL OUTLINE
峰值回流温度（摄氏度）：	260
电源：	5 V
认证状态：	Not Qualified
座面最大高度：	1.75 mm
子类别：	Other Telecom ICs
标称供电电压：	5 V
表面贴装：	YES
技术：	CMOS
电信集成电路类型：	DATA ENCRYPTION CIRCUIT
温度等级：	INDUSTRIAL
端子面层：	Matte Tin (Sn)
端子形式：	GULL WING
端子节距：	1.27 mm
端子位置：	DUAL
处于峰值回流温度下的最长时间：	40
宽度：	3.9 mm
Base Number Matches：	1

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