NCP81166, NCP81166A
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Description
Pre−Overvoltage Protection
The NCP81166/A gate driver is a single phase MOSFET
driver designed for driving N−channel MOSFETs in a
synchronous buck converter topology. The NCP81166 is
designed to work with the ON Semiconductor’s ASP1252
controller and the NCP81166A is designed to work with
ON Semiconductor’s ASP1400 controller.
The pre−Overvoltage Protection (pre−OVP) feature is
used to protect the load if there is a short across the
high−side FET. When VCC is greater than 2.75 V, the
voltage on SW is monitored. During startup, if SW is
determined to be greater than Output Overvoltage Trip
Threshold, DRVL will be latched high to turn on the
synchronous FET and provide a path from VIN to ground.
This also pulls the EN pin low. To exit this behavior, power
to the driver must be turned off (VCC less than
Low−Side Driver
The low−side driver is designed to drive
a
ground−referenced low−R N−channel MOSFET. The
DS(on)
UVLO
minus UVLO hysteresis) and then VCC
RISING
voltage supply for the low−side driver is internally
connected to the VCC and GND pins. There is a 45 kW
pull−down resistor connected between DRVL and GND.
powered back on. When VCC rises above UVLO
RISING
and EN is above EN , the gate driver enters normal PWM
HI
operation (DRVH and DRVL respond to the PWM signal)
and the pre−OVP function is disabled.
High−Side Driver
The high−side driver is designed to drive a floating
Bi*Directional EN Signal
low−R
N−channel MOSFET. The gate voltage for the
DS(on)
The Enable pin (EN) is used to disable the DRVH and
DRVL outputs to prevent power transfer. When EN is
high−side driver is developed by a bootstrap circuit
referenced to the SW pin. There is a 45 kW pull−down
resistor connected between DRVH and SW.
above the EN threshold, DRVH and DRVL change their
HI
states according to the PWM input. Fault modes, such as
pre−OVP and UVLO, turn on an internal MOSFET that
pulls the EN pin towards ground. By connecting EN to the
DRON pin of a controller, the controller is alerted when the
driver encounters a fault condition.
The bootstrap circuit is comprised of the integrated diode
and an external bootstrap capacitor. When the
NCP81166/A is starting up, the SW pin is held at ground,
allowing the bootstrap capacitor to charge up to VCC
(minus the diode forward voltage) through the bootstrap
diode. When the PWM input is driven high, the high−side
driver will turn on the high−side MOSFET, using the stored
charge of the bootstrap capacitor. As the high−side
MOSFET turns on, the SW pin rises. When the high−side
MOSFET is fully turned on, SW will settle to VIN and BST
will settle to VIN + VCC (excluding parasitic ringing).
PWM Input and Zero Cross Detect (ZCD)
Switching PWM between logic−high and logic−low
states will allow the driver to operate in continuous
conduction mode as long as VCC is greater than the UVLO
threshold and EN is high. The threshold limits are specified
in the electrical characteristics table in this datasheet.
When PWM is set above PWM , DRVL will first turn
HI
Bootstrap Circuit
The bootstrap circuit relies on an external charge storage
off after a propagation delay of tpdl . To ensure
DRVL
non−overlap between DRVL and DRVH, there is a delay of
tpdh from the time DRVL falls to 1 V, before DRVH
capacitor (C ) and an integrated diode to provide current
BST
DRVH
to the high−side driver. A multi−layer ceramic capacitor
(MLCC) with a value greater than 100 nF should be used
is allowed to turn on.
When PWM falls below PWM , DRVH will first turn
LO
for C
.
BST
off after a propagation delay of tpdl . To ensure
DRVH
non−overlap between DRVH and DRVL, there is a delay of
tpdh from the time DRVH – SW falls to 1 V, before
DRVL is allowed to turn on.
Power Supply Decoupling
DRVL
The NCP81166/A can source and sink relatively large
currents to the gate pins of the MOSFETs. In order to
maintain a constant and stable supply voltage, a low−ESR
capacitor should be placed near the VCC and GND pins. A
MLCC between 1 mF and 4.7 mF is typically used.
When PWM enters the mid−state voltage range,
PWM
, DRVL goes high after the non−overlap delay,
MID
and stays high for the duration of the ZCD blanking timer
and an 80 ns de−bounce timer. Once these timers expire,
SW is monitored for zero current detection and pulls DRVL
low once zero current is detected.
Undervoltage Lockout
DRVH and DRVL are low until VCC reaches the VCC
UVLO threshold, typically 4.35 V. Once VCC reaches this
threshold, the PWM signal will control DRVH and DRVL.
There is a 200 mV hysteresis on VCC UVLO. There are
pull−down resistors on DRVH, DRVL and SW to prevent
the gates of the MOSFETs from accumulating enough
charge to turn on when the driver is powered off.
Layout Guidelines
Layout for DC−DC converter is very important. The
bootstrap and VCC bypass capacitors should be placed as
close as to the driver IC as possible.
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