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产品型号TPA0212PWP的Datasheet PDF文件预览

TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
PWP PACKAGE  
(TOP VIEW)  
Compatible With PC 99 Desktop Line-Out  
Into 10-kLoad  
Internal Gain Control, Which Eliminates  
External Gain-Setting Resistors  
1
24  
23  
22  
21  
20  
19  
18  
17  
16  
15  
14  
13  
GND  
GAIN0  
GAIN1  
LOUT+  
LLINEIN  
LHPIN  
GND  
2
RLINEIN  
SHUTDOWN  
ROUT+  
RHPIN  
3
2-W/Ch Output Power Into 3-Load  
Input MUX Select Terminal  
PC-Beep Input  
4
5
6
V
DD  
Depop Circuitry  
7
PV  
PV  
DD  
DD  
8
RIN  
LOUT–  
LIN  
BYPASS  
GND  
HP/LINE  
ROUT–  
SE/BTL  
PC-BEEP  
GND  
Stereo Input MUX  
9
Fully Differential Input  
10  
11  
12  
Low Supply Current and Shutdown Current  
Surface-Mount Power Packaging  
24-Pin TSSOP PowerPAD  
description  
The TPA0212 is a stereo audio power amplifier in a 24-pin TSSOP thermally enhanced package capable of  
delivering 2 W of continuous RMS power per channel into 3-loads. This device minimizes the number of  
external components needed, simplifying the design, and freeing up board space for other features. When  
driving 1 W into 8-speakers, the TPA0212 has less than 0.8% THD+N across its specified frequency range.  
Included within this device is integrated depop circuitry that virtually eliminates transients that cause noise in  
the speakers.  
Amplifier gain is internally configured and controlled by way of two terminals (GAIN0 and GAIN1). BTL gain  
settings of 2, 6, 12, and 24 V/V are provided, while SE gain is always configured as 1 V/V for headphone drive.  
An internal input MUX allows two sets of stereo inputs to the amplifier. The HP/LINE terminal allows the user  
to select which MUX input is active regardless of whether the amplifier is in SE or BTL mode. In notebook  
applications, where internal speakers are driven as BTL and the line outputs (often headphone drive) are  
required to be SE, the TPA0212 automatically switches into SE mode when the SE/BTL input is activated, and  
this reduces the gain to 1 V/V.  
The TPA0212 consumes only 6 mA of supply current during normal operation. A miserly shutdown mode  
reduces the supply current to less than 150 µA.  
The PowerPAD package (PWP) delivers a level of thermal performance that was previously achievable only  
in TO-220-type packages. Thermal impedances of approximately 35°C/W are readily realized in multilayer PCB  
applications. This allows the TPA0212 to operate at full power into 8-loads at an ambient temperature of 85°C.  
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of  
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.  
PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated.  
Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated  
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.  
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments  
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include  
testing of all parameters.  
1
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
functional block diagram  
RHPIN  
R
MUX  
RLINEIN  
+
ROUT+  
RIN  
+
ROUT–  
PC-  
PC-BEEP  
Beep  
PV  
DD  
Power  
Management  
Depop  
Circuitry  
V
DD  
Gain/  
MUX  
GAIN0  
GAIN1  
SE/BTL  
BYPASS  
SHUTDOWN  
Control  
GND  
HP/LINE  
LHPIN  
L
MUX  
LLINEIN  
+
LOUT+  
LIN  
+
LOUT–  
2
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
AVAILABLE OPTIONS  
PACKAGED DEVICE  
T
A
TSSOP  
(PWP)  
40°C to 85°C  
TPA0212PWP  
The PWP package is available taped and  
reeled. To order a taped and reeled part, add  
the suffix  
R to the part number (e.g.,  
TPA0212PWPR).  
Terminal Functions  
TERMINAL  
NAME  
BYPASS  
I/O  
DESCRIPTION  
NO.  
11  
2
Tap to voltage divider for internal mid-supply bias generator  
Bit 0 of gain control  
GAIN0  
GAIN1  
I
I
3
Bit 1 of gain control  
1, 12,  
13, 24  
GND  
Ground connection for circuitry. Connected to the thermal pad.  
LHPIN  
LIN  
6
10  
5
I
I
Left channel headphone input, selected when SE/BTL is held high  
Common left input for fully differential input. AC ground for single-ended inputs.  
Left channel line input, selected when SE/BTL is held low  
LLINEIN  
LOUT+  
LOUT–  
I
4
O
O
Left channel positive output in BTL mode and positive output in SE mode  
Left channel negative output in BTL mode and high-impedance in SE mode  
9
The input for PC Beep mode. PC-BEEP is enabled when a > 1-V (peak-to-peak) square wave is input  
to PC-BEEP or PCB ENABLE is high.  
PC-BEEP  
14  
I
HP/LINE is the input MUX control input. When the HP/LINE terminal is held high, the headphone inputs  
(LHPIN or RHPIN [6, 20]) are active. When the HP/LINE terminal is held low, the line BTL inputs (LLINEIN  
or RLINEIN [5, 23]) are active.  
HP/LINE  
17  
I
PV  
DD  
7, 18  
20  
8
I
I
Power supply for output stage  
RHPIN  
Right channel headphone input, selected when SE/BTL is held high  
Common right input for fully differential input. AC ground for single-ended inputs.  
Right channel line input, selected when SE/BTL is held low  
RIN  
I
RLINEIN  
ROUT+  
ROUT–  
SHUTDOWN  
SE/BTL  
23  
21  
16  
22  
15  
19  
I
O
O
I
Right channel positive output in BTL mode and positive output in SE mode  
Right channel negative output in BTL mode and high-impedance in SE mode  
Places entire IC in shutdown mode when held low, except PC-BEEP remains active  
Hold SE/BTL low for BTL mode and hold high for SE mode.  
I
V
DD  
I
Analog V  
DD  
input supply. This terminal needs to be isolated from PV to achieve highest performance.  
DD  
3
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)  
Supply voltage, V  
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 V  
DD  
Input voltage, V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to V +0.3 V  
I
DD  
Continuous total power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . internally limited (see Dissipation Rating Table)  
Operating free-air temperature range, T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40°C to 85°C  
Operating junction temperature range, T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40°C to 150°C  
A
J
Storage temperature range, T  
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to 150°C  
stg  
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C  
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and  
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not  
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.  
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE  
PACKAGE  
T
A
25°C  
DERATING FACTOR  
T
A
= 70°C  
T = 85°C  
A
PWP  
2.7 W  
21.8 mW/°C  
1.7 W  
1.4 W  
Please see the Texas Instruments document, PowerPAD Thermally Enhanced Package Application Report  
(literature number SLMA002), for more information on the PowerPAD package. The thermal data was  
measured on a PCB layout based on the information in the section entitled Texas InstrumentsRecommended  
Board for PowerPAD on page 33 of the before mentioned document.  
recommended operating conditions  
MIN  
4.5  
4
MAX  
UNIT  
Supply voltage, V  
DD  
5.5  
V
SE/BTL, HP/LINE  
SHUTDOWN  
High-level input voltage, V  
V
IH  
2
SE/BTL, HP/LINE  
SHUTDOWN  
3
0.8  
85  
Low-level input voltage, V  
V
IL  
Operating free-air temperature, T  
40  
°C  
A
electrical characteristics at specified free-air temperature, V  
noted)  
= 5 V, T = 25°C (unless otherwise  
A
DD  
PARAMETER  
Output offset voltage (measured differentially)  
Power supply rejection ratio  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNIT  
mV  
|V  
|
V = 0, A = –2 V/V  
25  
OO  
PSRR  
I
v
V
DD  
= 4 V to 5 V  
77  
dB  
V
= 5.5 V,  
DD  
|I  
|I  
|
High-level input current  
Low-level input current  
900  
900  
nA  
nA  
IH  
V = V  
I
DD  
V
= 5.5 V,  
DD  
|
IL  
V = 0 V  
I
BTL mode  
SE mode  
6
3
8
4
I
I
Supply current  
mA  
DD  
Supply current, shutdown mode  
150  
300  
µA  
DD(SD)  
4
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
operating characteristics, V  
= 5 V, T = 25°C, R = 8 , Gain = –2 V/V, BTL mode  
DD  
A
L
PARAMETER  
TEST CONDITIONS  
MIN  
TYP  
MAX  
UNIT  
THD = 1%,  
f = 1 kHz,  
P
O
Output power  
1.9  
W
R
= 4 Ω  
L
THD + N Total harmonic distortion plus noise  
P
= 1 W,  
f = 20 Hz to 15 kHz  
0.75%  
>15  
O
B
Maximum output power bandwidth  
Supply ripple rejection ratio  
Signal-to-noise ratio  
THD = 5%  
kHz  
dB  
OM  
f = 1 kHz,  
BTL mode  
68  
C
C
= 0.47 µF  
= 0.47 µF,  
B
B
SNR  
105  
16  
dB  
BTL mode  
SE mode  
V
Noise output voltage  
Input impedance  
µV  
RMS  
n
f = 20 Hz to 20 kHz  
30  
Z
I
See Table 1  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
Table of Graphs  
FIGURE  
1, 4–7, 10–13,  
16–19, 21  
vs Output power  
vs Frequency  
THD+N  
Total harmonic distortion plus noise  
2, 3, 8, 9, 14,  
15, 20, 22  
vs Output voltage  
vs Bandwidth  
vs Frequency  
vs Frequency  
vs Frequency  
vs Frequency  
23  
24  
V
Output noise voltage  
Supply ripple rejection ratio  
Crosstalk  
n
25, 26  
27–29  
30  
Shutdown attenuation  
Signal-to-noise ratio  
Closed loop respone  
Output power  
SNR  
31  
32–35  
36, 37  
38, 39  
40  
P
P
vs Load resistance  
vs Output power  
O
Power dissipation  
D
vs Ambient temperature  
5
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
vs  
vs  
OUTPUT POWER  
FREQUENCY  
10%  
10%  
1%  
A
= –2 V/V  
P
R
BTL  
= 1.75 W  
= 3 Ω  
V
O
L
f = 1 kHz  
BTL  
R
= 4 Ω  
A
V
= –24 V/V  
L
1%  
R
= 8 Ω  
L
R
= 3 Ω  
L
A
V
= –12 V/V  
A = –2 V/V  
V
0.1%  
0.1%  
0.01%  
A
V
= –6 V/V  
0.01%  
0.5 0.75  
1
1.25 1.5 1.75  
2
2.25 2.5 2.75  
3
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 1  
Figure 2  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
vs  
vs  
FREQUENCY  
OUTPUT POWER  
10%  
10%  
R
= 3 Ω  
= –2 V/V  
L
A
V
BTL  
f = 15 kHz  
1%  
1%  
P
O
= 1.0 W  
f = 1 kHz  
P
O
= 0.5 W  
0.1%  
0.01%  
0.1%  
f = 20 Hz  
R
= 3 Ω  
= –2 V/V  
L
A
V
P
= 1.75 W  
O
BTL  
0.01%  
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
f – Frequency – Hz  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
Figure 3  
Figure 4  
6
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
vs  
vs  
OUTPUT POWER  
OUTPUT POWER  
10%  
10%  
f = 15 kHz  
f = 1 kHz  
f = 15 kHz  
1%  
1%  
f = 1 kHz  
f = 20 Hz  
f = 20 Hz  
0.1%  
0.1%  
R
= 3 Ω  
= –6 V/V  
L
R
= 3 Ω  
= –12 V/V  
L
A
V
A
V
BTL  
BTL  
0.01%  
0.01%  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
Figure 5  
Figure 6  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
vs  
vs  
OUTPUT POWER  
FREQUENCY  
10%  
10%  
f = 15 kHz  
P
R
BTL  
= 1.75 W  
= 3 Ω  
O
L
A
V
= –24 V/V  
f = 1 kHz  
f = 20 Hz  
1%  
1%  
A
V
= –12 V/V  
A
V
= –2 V/V  
0.1%  
0.01%  
0.1%  
R
= 3 Ω  
= –24 V/V  
L
A
V
= –6 V/V  
1k  
A
V
BTL  
0.01%  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
20  
100  
10k 20k  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 7  
Figure 8  
7
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
vs  
vs  
FREQUENCY  
OUTPUT POWER  
10%  
10%  
1%  
R
= 4 Ω  
= –2 V/V  
L
R
= 4 Ω  
= –2 V/V  
L
A
V
A
V
BTL  
BTL  
f = 15 kHz  
f = 1 kHz  
1%  
P
O
= 1.5 W  
P
O
= 0.25 W  
0.1%  
0.01%  
0.1%  
P
O
= 1.0 W  
f = 20 Hz  
0.01%  
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
f – Frequency – Hz  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
Figure 9  
Figure 10  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
vs  
vs  
OUTPUT POWER  
OUTPUT POWER  
10%  
10%  
f = 15 kHz  
f = 15 kHz  
1%  
1%  
f = 1 kHz  
f = 20 Hz  
f = 1 kHz  
f = 20 Hz  
0.1%  
0.1%  
R
= 4 Ω  
= –6 V/V  
L
R
= 4 Ω  
= –12 V/V  
L
A
V
A
V
BTL  
BTL  
0.01%  
0.01%  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
Figure 11  
Figure 12  
8
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
vs  
vs  
OUTPUT POWER  
FREQUENCY  
10%  
1%  
10%  
R
= 8 Ω  
= –2 V/V  
L
f = 15 kHz  
A
V
BTL  
f = 1 kHz  
f = 20 Hz  
1%  
0.1%  
0.01%  
0.1%  
P
O
= 0.25 W  
P
= 1.0 W  
O
R
= 4 Ω  
= –24 V/V  
L
A
V
BTL  
P
O
= 0.5 W  
1k  
0.01%  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
20  
100  
10k 20k  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 13  
Figure 14  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
vs  
vs  
FREQUENCY  
OUTPUT POWER  
10%  
10%  
P
R
BTL  
= 1 W  
= 8 Ω  
O
L
R
= 8 Ω  
= –2 V/V  
L
A
V
BTL  
A
V
= –24 V/V  
1%  
f = 15 kHz  
f = 1 kHz  
1%  
A
V
= –12 V/V  
A
V
= –2 V/V  
0.1%  
0.01%  
0.1%  
A
= –6 V/V  
V
f = 20 Hz  
0.01%  
20  
100  
1k  
f – Frequency – Hz  
10k 20k  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
Figure 15  
Figure 16  
9
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
vs  
vs  
OUTPUT POWER  
OUTPUT POWER  
10%  
10%  
R
= 8 Ω  
= –6 V/V  
L
A
V
BTL  
f = 15 kHz  
f = 15 kHz  
1%  
1%  
f = 1 kHz  
f = 20 Hz  
f = 1 kHz  
f = 20 Hz  
0.1%  
0.1%  
R
= 8 Ω  
= –12 V/V  
L
A
V
BTL  
0.01%  
0.01%  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
0.01  
0.1  
P – Output Power – W  
O
1
10  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
Figure 17  
Figure 18  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
vs  
vs  
OUTPUT POWER  
FREQUENCY  
10%  
10%  
R
A
SE  
= 32 Ω  
= –1 V/V  
L
V
f = 15 kHz  
1%  
1%  
f = 1 kHz  
f = 20 Hz  
P
O
= 25 mW  
0.1%  
0.1%  
P
O
= 50 mW  
R
A
BTL  
= 8 Ω  
= –24 V/V  
L
V
P
O
= 75 mW  
0.01%  
0.01%  
0.01  
0.1  
1
10  
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 19  
Figure 20  
10  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
vs  
vs  
OUTPUT POWER  
FREQUENCY  
10%  
1%  
10%  
R
A
SE  
= 32 Ω  
= –1 V/V  
R
A
SE  
= 10 kΩ  
= –1 V/V  
L
V
L
V
1%  
f = 15 kHz  
0.1%  
0.1%  
f = 1 kHz  
f = 20 Hz  
V = 1 V  
O RMS  
0.01%  
0.001%  
0.01%  
0.01  
0.1  
1
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 21  
Figure 22  
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE  
OUTPUT NOISE VOLTAGE  
vs  
vs  
OUTPUT VOLTAGE  
BANDWIDTH  
10%  
1%  
100  
90  
R
A
SE  
= 10 kΩ  
= –1 V/V  
V
R
= 5 V  
L
V
DD  
= 4Ω  
L
80  
70  
60  
50  
40  
30  
20  
A
= –24 V/V  
V
0.1%  
f = 20 Hz  
f = 15 kHz  
A
= –12 V/V  
V
0.01%  
A
V
= –6 V/V  
f = 1 kHz  
10  
0
A
V
= –2 V/V  
0.001%  
0.1  
1
3
10  
100  
1k  
10k  
V
O
– Output Voltage – V  
RMS  
BW – Bandwidth – Hz  
Figure 23  
Figure 24  
11  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO  
SUPPLY RIPPLE REJECTION RATIO  
vs  
vs  
FREQUENCY  
FREQUENCY  
0
–20  
–40  
–60  
–80  
0
–20  
–40  
–60  
–80  
R
C
BTL  
= 8 Ω  
= 0.47 µF  
L
B
R
C
SE  
= 32 Ω  
= 0.47 µF  
L
B
A
= –24 V/V  
= –2 V/V  
V
A
V
= –1 V/V  
A
V
–100  
–120  
–100  
–120  
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
f – Frequency – Hz  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 25  
Figure 26  
CROSSTALK  
vs  
FREQUENCY  
CROSSTALK  
vs  
FREQUENCY  
0
–20  
–40  
–60  
–80  
0
–20  
–40  
–60  
–80  
P
R
A
BTL  
= 1 W  
= 8 Ω  
= –2 V/V  
O
L
v
P
R
A
= 1 W  
= 8 Ω  
=– 24 V/V  
O
L
v
BTL  
LEFT TO RIGHT  
RIGHT TO LEFT  
LEFT TO RIGHT  
RIGHT TO LEFT  
–100  
–120  
–100  
–120  
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
f – Frequency – Hz  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 27  
Figure 28  
12  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
CROSSTALK  
SHUTDOWN ATTENUATION  
vs  
vs  
FREQUENCY  
FREQUENCY  
0
–20  
–40  
–60  
–80  
0
–20  
–40  
–60  
–80  
V
R
A
SE  
= 1 V  
RMS  
O
L
v
V = 1 V  
I RMS  
= 10 kΩ  
= –1 V/V  
R
= 10 k, SE  
L
R
= 32 , SE  
L
LEFT TO RIGHT  
–100  
–120  
–100  
–120  
R
= 8 , BTL  
L
RIGHT TO LEFT  
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
f – Frequency – Hz  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 29  
Figure 30  
SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO  
vs  
FREQUENCY  
140  
130  
P
R
BTL  
= 1 W  
= 8 Ω  
O
L
120  
110  
A = –6 V/V  
V
A
V
= –2 V/V  
A
V
= – 24 V/V  
100  
90  
A
V
= –12 V/V  
80  
70  
60  
20  
100  
1k  
10k 20k  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 31  
13  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
CLOSED LOOP RESPONSE  
180°  
10  
7.5  
Gain  
90°  
5
2.5  
Phase  
0°  
0
–2.5  
–5  
R
= 8 Ω  
= –2 V/V  
L
–90°  
–180°  
A
V
BTL  
–7.5  
–10  
10  
100  
1k  
10k  
100k  
1M  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 32  
CLOSED LOOP RESPONSE  
180°  
90°  
30  
25  
20  
15  
Gain  
Phase  
0°  
10  
5
R
= 8 Ω  
= –6 V/V  
L
0
–90°  
–180°  
A
V
BTL  
–5  
–10  
10  
100  
1k  
10k  
100k  
1M  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 33  
14  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
CLOSED LOOP RESPONSE  
180°  
30  
25  
Gain  
90°  
20  
15  
Phase  
0°  
10  
5
R
= 8 Ω  
= –12 V/V  
L
0
–90°  
A
V
BTL  
–5  
–10  
–180°  
10  
100  
1k  
10k  
100k  
1M  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 34  
CLOSED LOOP RESPONSE  
Gain  
180°  
90°  
30  
25  
20  
15  
Phase  
0°  
10  
5
R
= 8 Ω  
= –24 V/V  
L
0
–90°  
–180°  
A
V
BTL  
–5  
–10  
10  
100  
1k  
10k  
100k  
1M  
f – Frequency – Hz  
Figure 35  
15  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
OUTPUT POWER  
vs  
LOAD RESISTANCE  
OUTPUT POWER  
vs  
LOAD RESISTANCE  
3.5  
3
1500  
1250  
1000  
750  
A
BTL  
= –2 V/V  
V
A = –1 V/V  
V
SE  
2.5  
2
10% THD+N  
1.5  
1
10% THD+N  
500  
1% THD+N  
250  
0
0.5  
0
1% THD+N  
16  
0
8
16  
24  
32  
40  
48  
56  
64  
0
8
24  
32  
40  
48  
56  
64  
R
– Load Resistance – Ω  
L
R
– Load Resistance – Ω  
L
Figure 36  
Figure 37  
POWER DISSIPATION  
vs  
OUTPUT POWER  
POWER DISSIPATION  
vs  
OUTPUT POWER  
1.8  
1.6  
0.4  
3 Ω  
0.35  
0.3  
1.4  
1.2  
1
4 Ω  
4 Ω  
0.25  
0.2  
0.8  
0.6  
0.15  
0.1  
8 Ω  
8 Ω  
0.4  
f = 1 kHz  
BTL  
Each Channel  
f = 1 kHz  
SE  
Each Channel  
32 Ω  
0.05  
0
0.2  
0
0
0.5  
1
1.5  
2
2.5  
0
0.1  
0.2  
0.3  
0.4  
0.5  
0.6 0.7 0.8  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
P
O
– Output Power – W  
Figure 38  
Figure 39  
16  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS  
POWER DISSIPATION  
vs  
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE  
7
6
Θ
Θ
Θ
Θ
= 45.9°C/W  
= 45.2°C/W  
= 31.2°C/W  
= 18.6°C/W  
JA1  
JA2  
JA3  
JA4  
Θ
JA4  
5
4
Θ
Θ
JA3  
3
2
JA1,2  
1
0
–40 –20  
0
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160  
T
A
– Ambient Temperature – °C  
Figure 40  
17  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
THERMAL INFORMATION  
The thermally enhanced PWP package is based on the 24-pin TSSOP, but includes a thermal pad (see Figure 41)  
to provide an effective thermal contact between the IC and the PWB.  
Traditionally, surface mount and power have been mutually exclusive terms. A variety of scaled-down TO-220-type  
packages have leads formed as gull wings to make them applicable for surface-mount applications. These packages,  
however, have only two shortcomings: they do not address the very low profile requirements (<2 mm) of many of  
today’s advanced systems, and they do not offer a terminal-count high enough to accommodate increasing  
integration. Ontheotherhand, traditionallow-powersurface-mountpackagesrequirepower-dissipationderatingthat  
severely limits the usable range of many high-performance analog circuits.  
The PowerPAD package (thermally enhanced TSSOP) combines fine-pitch surface-mount technology with thermal  
performance comparable to much larger power packages.  
The PowerPAD package is designed to optimize the heat transfer to the PWB. Because of the very small size and  
limited mass of a TSSOP package, thermal enhancement is achieved by improving the thermal conduction paths that  
remove heat from the component. The thermal pad is formed using a patented lead-frame design and manufacturing  
technique to provide a direct connection to the heat-generating IC. When this pad is soldered or otherwise thermally  
coupled to an external heat dissipator, high power dissipation in the ultra-thin, fine-pitch, surface-mount package can  
be reliably achieved.  
DIE  
Side View (a)  
Thermal  
Pad  
DIE  
End View (b)  
Bottom View (c)  
Figure 41. Views of Thermally Enhanced PWP Package  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
selection of components  
Figure 42 and Figure 43 are schematic diagrams of typical notebook computer application circuits.  
18  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
Right  
C
IRHP  
Head– 0.47 µF  
phone  
Input  
Signal  
RHPIN  
20  
R
MUX  
23 RLINEIN  
C
IRLINE  
0.47 µF  
Right  
Line  
ROUT+ 21  
+
Input  
Signal  
8
RIN  
C
RIN  
0.47 µF  
C
OUTR  
PC BEEP  
Input  
Signal  
330 µF  
14  
PC–BEEP  
ROUT– 16  
PC–  
Beep  
V
DD  
C
PCB  
0.47 µF  
1 kΩ  
+
100 kΩ  
See Note A  
GAIN0  
GAIN1  
SE/BTL  
2
3
PVDD 18  
VDD 19  
V
Gain/  
MUX  
Control  
DD  
C
SR  
Depop  
Circuitry  
0.1 µF  
15  
V
DD  
C
Power  
ILHP  
Left  
0.47 µF  
Management  
C
0.1 µF  
BYPASS 11  
SHUT–  
HP/LINE  
SR  
17  
Head–  
phone  
Input  
DOWN  
22  
C
BYP  
0.47 µF  
Signal  
LHPIN  
6
5
GND  
To  
L
MUX  
System  
Control  
1 kΩ  
LLINEIN  
C
ILLINE  
1,12,  
13,24  
0.47 µF  
Left  
Line  
+
LOUT+  
4
C
OUTL  
330 µF  
Input  
Signal  
10  
LIN  
C
LIN  
0.47 µF  
+
LOUT–  
9
100 kΩ  
NOTE A: A 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor should be placed as close as possible to the IC. For filtering lower–frequency noise signals, a larger  
electrolytic capacitor of 10 µF or greater should be placed near the audio power amplifier.  
Figure 42. Typical TPA0212 Application Circuit Using Single-Ended Inputs and Input MUX  
19  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
N/C  
RHPIN  
20  
C
IRIN–  
0.47 µF  
R
MUX  
Right  
Negative  
Differential  
Input  
23 RLINEIN  
ROUT+ 21  
Signal  
+
C
IRIN+  
0.47 µF  
Right  
Positive  
8
RIN  
Differential  
Input  
Signal  
C
OUTR  
330 µF  
PC BEEP  
Input  
Signal  
14  
PC–BEEP  
ROUT– 16  
PC–  
Beep  
V
DD  
1 kΩ  
+
C
PCB  
0.47 µF  
100 kΩ  
See Note A  
GAIN0  
GAIN1  
SE/BTL  
2
3
PVDD 18  
VDD 19  
V
Gain/  
MUX  
Control  
DD  
C
SR  
Depop  
Circuitry  
0.1 µF  
15  
V
DD  
Power  
Management  
C
0.1 µF  
BYPASS 11  
SHUT–  
HP/LINE  
SR  
17  
N/C  
DOWN  
22  
C
BYP  
0.47 µF  
LHPIN  
6
5
GND  
To  
System  
Control  
L
MUX  
1 kΩ  
LLINEIN  
C
ILIN–  
Left  
Negative  
Differential  
Input  
1,12,  
13,24  
0.47 µF  
+
LOUT+  
4
C
OUTL  
330 µF  
Signal  
C
ILIN+  
0.47 µF  
Left  
Positive  
10  
LIN  
Differential  
Input  
Signal  
+
LOUT–  
9
100 kΩ  
NOTE A: A 0.1 µF ceramic capacitor should be placed as close as possible to the IC. For filtering lower–frequency noise signals, a larger  
electrolytic capacitor of 10 µF or greater should be placed near the audio power amplifier.  
Figure 43. Typical TPA0212 Application Circuit Using Differential Inputs  
20  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
gain setting via GAIN0 and GAIN1 inputs  
The gain of the TPA0212 is set by two input terminals, GAIN0 and GAIN1.  
Table 1. Gain Settings  
GAIN0  
GAIN1  
SE/BTL  
A
V
0
0
1
1
X
0
1
0
1
X
0
0
0
0
1
–2 V/V  
–6 V/V  
–12 V/V  
–24 V/V  
–1 V/V  
The gains listed in Table 1 are realized by changing the taps on the input resistors inside the amplifier. This  
causes the input impedance, Z , to be dependant on the gain setting. The actual gain settings are controlled  
I
by ratios of resistors, so the actual gain distribution from part-to-part is quite good. However, the input  
impedance will shift by 30% due to shifts in the actual resistance of the input impedance.  
For design purposes, the input network (discussed in the next section) should be designed assuming an input  
impedance of 10 k, which is the absolute minimum input impedance of the TPA0212. At the higher gain  
settings, the input impedance could increase as high as 115 k.  
input resistance  
Each gain setting is achieved by varying the input resistance of the amplifier, which can range from its smallest  
value to over 6 times that value. As a result, if a single capacitor is used in the input high pass filter, the –3 dB  
or cut-off frequency will also change by over 6 times. If an additional resistor is connected from the input pin  
of the amplifier to ground, as shown in the figure below, the variation of the cut-off frequency will be much  
reduced.  
Z
F
C
Z
I
IN  
Input  
Signal  
R
The typical input impedance at each gain setting is given in the table below:  
A
Z
I
v
–24 V/V  
–12 V/V  
–6 V/V  
–2 V/V  
14 kΩ  
26 kΩ  
45.5 kΩ  
91 kΩ  
21  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
The –3 dB frequency can be calculated using equation 1:  
1
ƒ
–3 dB  
(1)  
2
C R R  
I
If the filter must be more accurate, the value of the capacitor should be increased while the value of the resistor  
to ground should be decreased. In addition, the order of the filter could be increased.  
input capacitor, C  
I
In the typical application an input capacitor, C , is required to allow the amplifier to bias the input signal to the  
I
proper dc level for optimum operation. In this case, C and the input impedance of the amplifier, Z , form a  
I
I
high-pass filter with the corner frequency determined in equation 2.  
–3 dB  
(2)  
1
f
c(highpass)  
2 Z C  
I
I
f
c
The value of C is important to consider as it directly affects the bass (low frequency) performance of the circuit.  
I
Consider the example where Z is 710 kand the specification calls for a flat bass response down to 40 Hz.  
I
Equation 2 is reconfigured as equation 3.  
1
C
I
2 Z f  
(3)  
c
I
In this example, C is 5.6 nF so one would likely choose a value in the range of 5.6 nF to 1 µF. A further  
I
consideration for this capacitor is the leakage path from the input source through the input network (C ) and the  
I
feedback network to the load. This leakage current creates a dc offset voltage at the input to the amplifier that  
reduces useful headroom, especially in high gain applications. For this reason a low-leakage tantalum or  
ceramic capacitor is the best choice. When polarized capacitors are used, the positive side of the capacitor  
should face the amplifier input in most applications as the dc level there is held at V /2, which is likely higher  
DD  
than the source dc level. Note that it is important to confirm the capacitor polarity in the application.  
22  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
power supply decoupling, C  
S
The TPA0212 is a high-performance CMOS audio amplifier that requires adequate power supply decoupling  
to ensure the output total harmonic distortion (THD) is as low as possible. Power supply decoupling also  
prevents oscillations for long lead lengths between the amplifier and the speaker. The optimum decoupling is  
achieved by using two capacitors of different types that target different types of noise on the power supply leads.  
For higher frequency transients, spikes, or digital hash on the line, a good low equivalent-series-resistance  
(ESR) ceramic capacitor, typically 0.1 µF placed as close as possible to the device V  
filtering lower-frequency noise signals, a larger aluminum electrolytic capacitor of 10 µF or greater placed near  
lead, works best. For  
DD  
the audio power amplifier is recommended.  
midrail bypass capacitor, C  
BYP  
The midrail bypass capacitor, C  
start-uporrecoveryfromshutdownmode, C  
, is the most critical capacitor and serves several important functions. During  
BYP  
determinestherateatwhichtheamplifierstartsup. Thesecond  
BYP  
function is to reduce noise produced by the power supply caused by coupling into the output drive signal. This  
noise is from the midrail generation circuit internal to the amplifier, which appears as degraded PSRR and  
THD+N.  
Bypass capacitor, C  
for the best THD and noise performance.  
, values of 0.47 µF to 1 µF ceramic or tantalum low-ESR capacitors are recommended  
BYP  
output coupling capacitor, C  
C
In the typical single-supply SE configuration, an output coupling capacitor (C ) is required to block the dc bias  
C
at the output of the amplifier thus preventing dc currents in the load. As with the input coupling capacitor, the  
output coupling capacitor and impedance of the load form a high-pass filter governed by equation 4.  
–3 dB  
1
fc(high)  
(4)  
2 R C  
L
C
f
c
Themaindisadvantage, fromaperformancestandpoint, istheloadimpedancesaretypicallysmall, whichdrives  
the low-frequency corner higher, degrading the bass response. Large values of C are required to pass low  
C
frequencies into the load. Consider the example where a C of 330 µF is chosen and loads vary from 3 ,  
C
4 , 8 , 32 , 10 k, to 47 k. Table 2 summarizes the frequency response characteristics of each  
configuration.  
23  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
Table 2. Common Load Impedances Vs Low Frequency Output Characteristics in SE Mode  
R
C
Lowest Frequency  
161 Hz  
L
C
3 Ω  
330 µF  
330 µF  
330 µF  
330 µF  
330 µF  
330 µF  
4 Ω  
8 Ω  
120 Hz  
60 Hz  
32 Ω  
10,000 Ω  
47,000 Ω  
15 Hz  
0.05 Hz  
0.01 Hz  
As Table 2 indicates, most of the bass response is attenuated into a 4-load, an 8-load is adequate,  
headphone response is good, and drive into line level inputs (a home stereo for example) is exceptional.  
using low-ESR capacitors  
Low-ESR capacitors are recommended throughout this applications section. A real (as opposed to ideal)  
capacitor can be modeled simply as a resistor in series with an ideal capacitor. The voltage drop across this  
resistor minimizes the beneficial effects of the capacitor in the circuit. The lower the equivalent value of this  
resistance the more the real capacitor behaves like an ideal capacitor.  
bridged-tied load versus single-ended mode  
Figure 44 shows a Class-AB audio power amplifier (APA) in a BTL configuration. The TPA0212 BTL amplifier  
consists of two Class-AB amplifiers driving both ends of the load. There are several potential benefits to this  
differential drive configuration, but initially consider power to the load. The differential drive to the speaker  
means that as one side is slewing up, the other side is slewing down, and vice versa. This in effect doubles the  
voltage swing on the load as compared to a ground referenced load. Plugging 2 × V  
equation, where voltage is squared, yields 4× the output power from the same supply rail and load impedance  
into the power  
O(PP)  
(see equation 5).  
V
O(PP)  
(5)  
V
(rms)  
2 2  
2
V
(rms)  
Power  
R
L
24  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
V
DD  
V
O(PP)  
2x V  
R
O(PP)  
L
V
DD  
–V  
O(PP)  
Figure 44. Bridge-Tied Load Configuration  
In a typical computer sound channel operating at 5 V, bridging raises the power into an 8-speaker from a  
singled-ended (SE, ground reference) limit of 250 mW to 1 W. In sound power that is a 6-dB improvement —  
which is loudness that can be heard. In addition to increased power there are frequency response concerns.  
Consider the single-supply SE configuration shown in Figure 45. A coupling capacitor is required to block the  
dc offset voltage from reaching the load. These capacitors can be quite large (approximately 33 µF to 1000 µF)  
so they tend to be expensive, heavy, occupy valuable PCB area, and have the additional drawback of limiting  
low-frequency performance of the system. This frequency limiting effect is due to the high pass filter network  
created with the speaker impedance and the coupling capacitance and is calculated with equation 6.  
1
(6)  
f
c
2 R C  
L
C
For example, a 68-µF capacitor with an 8-speaker would attenuate low frequencies below 293 Hz. The BTL  
configuration cancels the dc offsets, which eliminates the need for the blocking capacitors. Low-frequency  
performance is then limited only by the input network and speaker response. Cost and PCB space are also  
minimized by eliminating the bulky coupling capacitor.  
V
DD  
–3 dB  
V
O(PP)  
C
C
V
O(PP)  
R
L
f
c
Figure 45. Single-Ended Configuration and Frequency Response  
25  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
Increasing power to the load does carry a penalty of increased internal power dissipation. The increased  
dissipation is understandable considering that the BTL configuration produces 4× the output power of the SE  
configuration. Internal dissipation versus output power is discussed further in the crest factor and thermal  
considerations section.  
single-ended operation  
In SE mode (see Figure 44 and Figure 45), the load is driven from the primary amplifier output for each channel  
(OUT+, terminals 21 and 4).  
The amplifier switches single-ended operation when the SE/BTL terminal is held high. This puts the negative  
outputs in a high-impedance state, and reduces the amplifier’s gain to 1 V/V.  
input MUX operation  
The input MUX allows two separate inputs to be applied to the amplifier. This allows the designer to choose  
which input is active independent of the state of the SE/BTL terminal. When the HP/LINE terminal is held high,  
the headphone inputs are active. When the HP/LINE terminal is held low, the line BTL inputs are active.  
BTL amplifier efficiency  
Class-AB amplifiers are notoriously inefficient. The primary cause of these inefficiencies is voltage drop across  
the output stage transistors. There are two components of the internal voltage drop. One is the headroom or  
dc voltage drop that varies inversely to output power. The second component is due to the sinewave nature of  
the output. The total voltage drop can be calculated by subtracting the RMS value of the output voltage from  
V
.TheinternalvoltagedropmultipliedbytheRMSvalueofthesupplycurrent,I rms,determinestheinternal  
DD  
DD  
power dissipation of the amplifier.  
An easy-to-use equation to calculate efficiency starts out as being equal to the ratio of power from the power  
supply to the power delivered to the load. To accurately calculate the RMS and average values of power in the  
load and in the amplifier, the current and voltage waveform shapes must first be understood (see Figure 46).  
I
V
O
DD  
I
DD(avg)  
V
(LRMS)  
Figure 46. Voltage and Current Waveforms for BTL Amplifiers  
Although the voltages and currents for SE and BTL are sinusoidal in the load, currents from the supply are very  
different between SE and BTL configurations. In an SE application the current waveform is a half-wave rectified  
shape, whereas in BTL it is a full-wave rectified waveform. This means RMS conversion factors are different.  
Keep in mind that for most of the waveform both the push and pull transistors are not on at the same time, which  
supports the fact that each amplifier in the BTL device only draws current from the supply for half the waveform.  
The following equations are the basis for calculating amplifier efficiency.  
26  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
P
L
Efficiency of a BTL amplifier  
Where:  
(7)  
P
SUP  
2
L
2
V rms  
V
V
P
2R  
L
P
P
, andV  
, therefore, P  
L
L
LRMS  
R
2
L
2V  
V
V
P
1
P
1
P
[cos(t)]  
P
V
I
avg  
P
I
avg  
DD  
sin(t) dt  
and  
and  
0
SUP  
DD DD  
R
L
R
R
L
L
0
Therefore,  
2 V  
V
DD  
R
P
SUP  
L
substituting P and P  
into equation 7,  
L
SUP  
2
V
P
P = Power devilered to load  
L
SUP  
LRMS  
P
V
= Power drawn from power supply  
= RMS voltage on BTL load  
2 R  
V
L
P
Efficiency of a BTL amplifier  
Where:  
4 V  
2 V  
V
P
DD  
DD  
R
R = Load resistance  
L
V = Peak voltage on BTL load  
P
L
I
avg = Average current drawn from  
the power supply  
DD  
V
2 P R  
L L  
V
= Power supply voltage  
= Efficiency of a BTL amplifier  
P
DD  
η
BTL  
Therefore,  
2 P  
R
L
L
(8)  
BTL  
4 V  
DD  
Table 3 employs equation 8 to calculate efficiencies for four different output power levels. Note that the efficiency  
of the amplifier is quite low for lower power levels and rises sharply as power to the load is increased resulting  
in a nearly flat internal power dissipation over the normal operating range. Note that the internal dissipation at  
full output power is less than in the half power range. Calculating the efficiency for a specific system is the key  
to proper power supply design. For a stereo 1-W audio system with 8-loads and a 5-V supply, the maximum  
draw on the power supply is almost 3.25 W.  
Table 3. Efficiency Vs Output Power in 5-V 8-BTL Systems  
Output Power  
(W)  
Efficiency  
(%)  
Peak Voltage  
(V)  
Internal Dissipation  
(W)  
0.25  
0.50  
1.00  
1.25  
31.4  
44.4  
62.8  
70.2  
2.00  
2.83  
4.00  
0.55  
0.62  
0.59  
0.53  
4.47  
High peak voltages cause the THD to increase.  
A final point to remember about Class-AB amplifiers (either SE or BTL) is how to manipulate the terms in the  
efficiency equation to utmost advantage when possible. Note that in equation 8, V is in the denominator. This  
DD  
indicates that as V  
goes down, efficiency goes up.  
DD  
27  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
crest factor and thermal considerations  
Class-AB power amplifiers dissipate a significant amount of heat in the package under normal operating  
conditions. AtypicalmusicCDrequires12dBto15dBofdynamicrange, orheadroomabovetheaveragepower  
output, to pass the loudest portions of the signal without distortion. In other words, music typically has a crest  
factor between 12 dB and 15 dB. When determining the optimal ambient operating temperature, the internal  
dissipated power at the average output power level must be used. From the TPA0212 data sheet, one can see  
that when the TPA0212 is operating from a 5-V supply into a 3-speaker 4-W peaks are available. Converting  
watts to dB:  
P
W
4 W  
1 W  
P
10Log  
10Log  
6 dB  
(9)  
dB  
P
ref  
Subtracting the headroom restriction to obtain the average listening level without distortion yields:  
6 dB – 15 dB = –9 dB (15 dB crest factor)  
6 dB – 12 dB = –6 dB (12 dB crest factor)  
6 dB – 9 dB = –3 dB (9 dB crest factor)  
6 dB – 6 dB = 0 dB (6 dB crest factor)  
6 dB – 3 dB = 3 dB (3 dB crest factor)  
Converting dB back into watts:  
PdB 10  
P
10  
P
W
ref  
(10)  
63 mW (18 dB crest factor)  
125 mW (15 dB crest factor)  
250 mW (9 dB crest factor)  
500 mW (6 dB crest factor)  
1000 mW (3 dB crest factor)  
2000 mW (15 dB crest factor)  
This is valuable information to consider when attempting to estimate the heat dissipation requirements for the  
amplifier system. Comparing the absolute worst case, which is 2 W of continuous power output with a 3 dB crest  
factor, against 12 dB and 15 dB applications drastically affects maximum ambient temperature ratings for the  
system. Using the power dissipation curves for a 5-V, 3-system, the internal dissipation in the TPA0212 and  
maximum ambient temperatures is shown in Table 4.  
Table 4. TPA0212 Power Rating, 5-V, 3-, Stereo  
PEAK OUTPUT POWER  
(W)  
POWER DISSIPATION  
(W/Channel)  
MAXIMUM AMBIENT  
TEMPERATURE  
AVERAGE OUTPUT POWER  
4
4
4
4
4
4
2 W (3 dB)  
1.7  
1.6  
1.4  
1.1  
0.8  
0.6  
3°C  
6°C  
1000 mW (6 dB)  
500 mW (9 dB)  
250 mW (12 dB)  
125 mW (15 dB)  
63 mW (18 dB)  
24°C  
51°C  
78°C  
96°C  
28  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
crest factor and thermal considerations (continued)  
Table 5. TPA0212 Power Rating, 5-V, 8-, Stereo  
POWER DISSIPATION  
AVERAGE OUTPUT POWER  
MAXIMUM AMBIENT  
TEMPERATURE  
PEAK OUTPUT POWER  
(W/Channel)  
2.5 W  
2.5 W  
2.5 W  
2.5 W  
1250 mW (3 dB crest factor)  
1000 mW (4 dB crest factor)  
500 mW (7 dB crest factor)  
250 mW (10 dB crest factor)  
0.55  
0.62  
0.59  
0.53  
100°C  
94°C  
97°C  
102°C  
The maximum dissipated power, P  
a 3-load. As a result, this simple formula for calculating P  
, is reached at a much lower output power level for an 8-load than for  
Dmax  
may be used for an 8-application:  
Dmax  
2
2V  
DD  
(11)  
P
Dmax  
2
R
L
However, in the case of a 3-load, the P  
The amplifier may therefore be operated at a higher ambient temperature than required by the P  
for a 3-load.  
occurs at a point well above the normal operating power level.  
Dmax  
formula  
Dmax  
The maximum ambient temperature depends on the heat sinking ability of the PCB system. The derating factor  
for the PWP package is shown in the dissipation rating table (see page 4). Converting this to Θ  
:
JA  
1
1
Θ
45°C W  
(12)  
JA  
0.022  
Derating Factor  
To calculate maximum ambient temperatures, first consider that the numbers from the dissipation graphs are  
per channel so the dissipated power needs to be doubled for two channel operation. Given Θ , the maximum  
JA  
allowable junction temperature, and the total internal dissipation, the maximum ambient temperature can be  
calculated with the following equation. The maximum recommended junction temperature for the TPA0212 is  
150°C. The internal dissipation figures are taken from the Power Dissipation vs Output Power graphs.  
T
Max  
T Max  
Θ
P
(13)  
A
J
JA  
D
(
)
2
(
)
150 45 0.6  
96°C 15 dB crest factor  
NOTE:  
Internal dissipation of 0.6 W is estimated for a 2-W system with 15 dB crest factor per channel.  
Tables 4 and 5 show that for some applications no airflow is required to keep junction temperatures in the  
specified range. The TPA0212 is designed with thermal protection that turns the device off when the junction  
temperature surpasses 150°C to prevent damage to the IC. Tables 4 and 5 were calculated for maximum  
listening volume without distortion. When the output level is reduced the numbers in the table change  
significantly. Also, using 8-speakers dramatically increases the thermal performance by increasing amplifier  
efficiency.  
29  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
SE/BTL operation  
The ability of the TPA0212 to easily switch between BTL and SE modes is one of its most important cost saving  
features. This feature eliminates the requirement for an additional headphone amplifier in applications where  
internal stereo speakers are driven in BTL mode but external headphone or speakers must be accommodated.  
Internal to the TPA0212, two separate amplifiers drive OUT+ and OUT–. The SE/BTL input (terminal 15)  
controls the operation of the follower amplifier that drives LOUT– and ROUT– (terminals 9 and 16). When  
SE/BTLisheldlow, theamplifierisonandtheTPA0212isintheBTLmode. WhenSE/BTLisheldhigh, theOUT–  
amplifiers are in a high output impedance state, which configures the TPA0212 as an SE driver from LOUT+  
and ROUT+ (terminals 4 and 21). I  
is reduced by approximately one-half in SE mode. Control of the SE/BTL  
DD  
input can be from a logic-level CMOS source or, more typically, from a resistor divider network as shown in  
Figure 47.  
RHPIN  
20  
R
MUX  
23 RLINEIN  
ROUT+ 21  
+
8
RIN  
C
OUTR  
V
DD  
330 µF  
ROUT– 16  
SE/BTL 15  
1 kΩ  
+
100 kΩ  
100 kΩ  
Figure 47. TPA0212 Resistor Divider Network Circuit  
Using a readily available 1/8-in. (3.5 mm) stereo headphone jack, the control switch is closed when no plug is  
inserted. When closed the 100-k/1-kdivider pulls the SE/BTL input low. When a plug is inserted, the 1-kΩ  
resistor is disconnected and the SE/BTL input is pulled high. When the input goes high, the OUT– amplifier is  
shut down causing the speaker to mute (virtually open-circuits the speaker). The OUT+ amplifier then drives  
through the output capacitor (C ) into the headphone jack.  
O
30  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
APPLICATION INFORMATION  
PC BEEP operation  
The PC BEEP input allows a system beep to be sent directly from a computer through the amplifier to the  
speakerswithfewexternalcomponents. Theinputisactivatedautomatically. WhenthePCBEEPinputisactive,  
both of the LINEIN and HPIN inputs are deselected and both the left and right channels are driven in BTL mode  
with the signal from PC BEEP. The gain from the PC BEEP input to the speakers is fixed at 0.3 V/V and is  
independent of the volume setting. When the PC BEEP input is deselected, the amplifier will return to the  
previous operating mode and volume setting. Furthermore, if the amplifier is in shutdown mode, activating PC  
BEEPwill take the device out of shutdown and output the PC BEEP signal, then return the amplifier to shutdown  
mode.  
The preferred input signal is a square wave or pulse train with an amplitude of 1 V or greater. To be accurately  
pp  
detected, the signal must have a minimum of 1 V amplitude, rise and fall times of less than 0.1 µs and a  
pp  
minimum of 8 rising edges. When the signal is no longer detected, the amplifier will return to its previous  
operating mode and volume setting.  
If it is desired to ac-couple the PC BEEP input, the value of the coupling capacitor should be chosen to satisfy  
equation 14:  
1
C
(14)  
PCB  
2 ƒ  
(100 k )  
PCB  
ThePCBEEPinputcanalsobedc-coupledtoavoidusingthiscouplingcapacitor. Thepinnormallysitsatmidrail  
when no signal is present.  
shutdown modes  
The TPA0212 employs a shutdown mode of operation designed to reduce supply current, I , to the absolute  
DD  
minimum level during periods of nonuse for battery-power conservation. The SHUTDOWN input terminal  
should be held high during normal operation when the amplifier is in use. Pulling SHUTDOWN low causes the  
outputs to mute and the amplifier to enter a low-current state, I  
unconnected because amplifier operation would be unpredictable.  
= 150 µA. SHUTDOWN should never be left  
DD  
Table 6. HP/LINE, SE/BTL, and Shutdown Functions  
AMPLIFIER STATE  
INPUT OUTPUT  
Mute  
INPUTS  
HP/LINE  
X
SE/BTL  
X
SHUTDOWN  
Low  
X
Low  
Low  
High  
Low  
High  
High  
Line  
Line  
HP  
BTL  
SE  
Low  
High  
High  
High  
High  
BTL  
SE  
High  
HP  
Inputs should never be left unconnected.  
X = do not care  
31  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
TPA0212  
STEREO 2-W AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER  
WITH FOUR SELECTABLE GAIN SETTINGS AND MUX CONTROL  
SLOS284 – NOVEMBER 1999  
MECHANICAL DATA  
PWP (R-PDSO-G**)  
PowerPAD PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE  
20-PIN SHOWN  
0,30  
0,19  
0,65  
20  
M
0,10  
11  
Thermal Pad  
(See Note D)  
0,15 NOM  
4,50  
4,30  
6,60  
6,20  
Gage Plane  
1
10  
0,25  
A
0°8°  
0,75  
0,50  
Seating Plane  
0,10  
0,15  
0,05  
1,20 MAX  
PINS **  
14  
16  
20  
24  
28  
DIM  
5,10  
4,90  
5,10  
4,90  
6,60  
6,40  
7,90  
7,70  
9,80  
9,60  
A MAX  
A MIN  
4073225/E 03/97  
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters.  
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.  
C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusions.  
D. Thepackagethermalperformancemaybeenhancedbybondingthethermalpadtoanexternalthermalplane.Thispadiselectrically  
and thermally connected to the backside of the die and terminals 1, 12, 13, and 24. The dimensions of the thermal pad are  
2.40 mm × 4.70 mm (maximum). The pad is centered on the bottom of the package.  
E. Falls within JEDEC MO-153  
PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated.  
32  
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 DALLAS, TEXAS 75265  
IMPORTANT NOTICE  
Texas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue  
any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information  
to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold  
subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgement, including those  
pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability.  
TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in  
accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent  
TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily  
performed, except those mandated by government requirements.  
CERTAIN APPLICATIONS USING SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS MAY INVOLVE POTENTIAL RISKS OF  
DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE (“CRITICAL  
APPLICATIONS”). TI SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED, OR  
WARRANTED TO BE SUITABLE FOR USE IN LIFE-SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS OR OTHER  
CRITICAL APPLICATIONS. INCLUSION OF TI PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERSTOOD TO  
BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK.  
In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating  
safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards.  
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent  
that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other  
intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such  
semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third  
party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, warranty or endorsement thereof.  
Copyright 1999, Texas Instruments Incorporated  
配单直通车
TPA0212PWP产品参数
型号:TPA0212PWP
Brand Name:Texas Instruments
是否无铅: 不含铅
是否Rohs认证: 符合
生命周期:Active
IHS 制造商:TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC
零件包装代码:TSSOP
包装说明:POWERPAD, PLASTIC, HTSSOP-24
针数:24
Reach Compliance Code:compliant
ECCN代码:EAR99
HTS代码:8542.39.00.01
Factory Lead Time:1 week
风险等级:5.13
Samacsys Confidence:3
Samacsys Status:Released
Samacsys PartID:320842
Samacsys Pin Count:25
Samacsys Part Category:Integrated Circuit
Samacsys Package Category:Small Outline Packages
Samacsys Footprint Name:TSSOP
Samacsys Released Date:2020-04-14 11:33:52
Is Samacsys:N
商用集成电路类型:VOLUME CONTROL CIRCUIT
谐波失真:1%
JESD-30 代码:R-PDSO-G24
JESD-609代码:e4
长度:7.8 mm
湿度敏感等级:2
信道数量:2
功能数量:1
端子数量:24
最高工作温度:85 °C
最低工作温度:-40 °C
标称输出功率:2 W
封装主体材料:PLASTIC/EPOXY
封装代码:HTSSOP
封装等效代码:TSSOP24,.25
封装形状:RECTANGULAR
封装形式:SMALL OUTLINE, HEAT SINK/SLUG, THIN PROFILE, SHRINK PITCH
峰值回流温度(摄氏度):260
电源:5 V
认证状态:Not Qualified
座面最大高度:1.2 mm
子类别:Audio/Video Amplifiers
最大压摆率:8 mA
最大供电电压 (Vsup):5.5 V
最小供电电压 (Vsup):4.5 V
表面贴装:YES
技术:CMOS
温度等级:INDUSTRIAL
端子面层:Nickel/Palladium/Gold (Ni/Pd/Au)
端子形式:GULL WING
端子节距:0.65 mm
端子位置:DUAL
处于峰值回流温度下的最长时间:NOT SPECIFIED
宽度:4.4 mm
Base Number Matches:1
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