TPS735xx
SBVS087H –JUNE 2008–REVISED NOVEMBER 2009
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optimize noise, equivalent series resistance of the
output capacitor can be set to approximately 0.2Ω.
This configuration maximizes phase margin in the
control loop, reducing total output noise by up to
10%.
As with any linear regulator, PSRR and transient
response are degraded as (VIN – VOUT) approaches
dropout. This effect is shown in the Typical
Characteristics section.
Startup and Noise Reduction Capacitor
Noise can be referred to the feedback point (FB pin)
such that with CNR = 0.01μF, total noise is given
approximately by Equation 1:
Fixed voltage versions of the TPS735xx use a
quick-start circuit to fast-charge the noise reduction
capacitor, CNR, if present (see the Functional Block
Diagrams). This architecture allows the combination
of very low output noise and fast start-up times. The
NR pin is high impedance so a low leakage CNR
capacitor must be used; most ceramic capacitors are
appropriate in this configuration.
11mVRMS
VN =
x VOUT
V
(1)
The TPS73501 adjustable version does not have the
noise-reduction pin available, so ultra-low noise
operation is not possible. Noise can be minimized
according to the above recommendations.
Note that for fastest startup, VIN should be applied
first, then the enable pin (EN) driven high. If EN is
tied to IN, startup is somewhat slower. Refer to the
Typical Characteristics section. The quick-start switch
is closed for approximately 135μs. To ensure that
CNR is fully charged during the quick-start time, a
0.01μF or smaller capacitor should be used.
Board Layout Recommendations to Improve
PSRR and Noise Performance
To improve ac performance such as PSRR, output
noise, and transient response, it is recommended that
the board be designed with separate ground planes
for VIN and VOUT, with each ground plane connected
only at the GND pin of the device. In addition, the
ground connection for the bypass capacitor should
connect directly to the GND pin of the device.
Transient Response
As with any regulator, increasing the size of the
output capacitor reduces over/undershoot magnitude
but increases duration of the transient response. In
the adjustable version, adding CFB between OUT and
FB improves stability and transient response. The
transient response of the TPS735xx is enhanced by
an active pull-down that engages when the output
overshoots by approximately 5% or more when the
device is enabled. When enabled, the pull-down
device behaves like a 400Ω resistor to ground.
Internal Current Limit
The TPS735xx internal current limit helps protect the
regulator during fault conditions. During current limit,
the output sources a fixed amount of current that is
largely independent of output voltage. For reliable
operation, the device should not be operated in
current limit for extended periods of time.
The PMOS pass element in the TPS735xx has a
built-in body diode that conducts current when the
voltage at OUT exceeds the voltage at IN. This
current is not limited, so if extended reverse voltage
operation is anticipated, external limiting may be
appropriate.
Undervoltage Lock-Out (UVLO)
The TPS735xx utilizes an undervoltage lock-out
circuit to keep the output shut off until internal
circuitry is operating properly. The UVLO circuit has a
de-glitch feature so that it typically ignores
undershoot transients on the input if they are less
than 50μs duration.
Shutdown
The enable pin (EN) is active high and is compatible
with standard and low voltage TTL-CMOS levels.
When shutdown capability is not required, EN can be
connected to IN.
Minimum Load
The TPS735xx is stable and well-behaved with no
output load. To meet the specified accuracy, a
minimum load of 500μA is required. Below 500μA at
junction temperatures near +125°C, the output can
drift up enough to cause the output pull-down to turn
on. The output pull-down limits voltage drift to 5%
typically but ground current could increase by
approximately 50μA. In typical applications, the
junction cannot reach high temperatures at light loads
because there is no appreciable dissipated power.
The specified ground current would then be valid at
no load in most applications.
Dropout Voltage
The TPS735xx uses a PMOS pass transistor to
achieve low dropout. When (VIN – VOUT) is less than
the dropout voltage (VDO), the PMOS pass device is
in its linear region of operation and the input-to-output
resistance is the RDS, ON of the PMOS pass element.
Because the PMOS device behaves like a resistor in
dropout, VDO approximately scales with output
current.
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