UCC28881
ZHCSEL3B –NOVEMBER 2015–REVISED JANUARY 2016
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CBULK(min) = 15.6 μF. Considering that electrolytic capacitors, generally used as bulk capacitor, have 20% of
tolerance in value, the minimum nominal value required for CBULK is:
CBULK(min)
CBULKn(min)
>
= 19.5mF
1- TOL
CBULK
(3)
Select C1 and C2 to be 10 μF each (CBULK = 10 μF + 10 μF = 20 μF > CBULKn(min)).
By using a full-wave rectifier allows a smaller capacitor for C1 and C2, almost 50% smaller.
9.2.1.2.2 Regulator Capacitor (CVDD
)
Capacitor CVDD acts as the decoupling capacitor and storage capacitor for the internal regulator. A 100-nF, 10-V
rated ceramic capacitor is enough for proper operation of the device's internal LDO.
9.2.1.2.3 Freewheeling Diode (D1)
The freewheeling diode has to be rated for high-voltage with as short as possible reverse-recovery time (trr).
The maximum reverse voltage that the diode should experience in the application, during normal operation, is
given by Equation 4.
VD1(max) = 2ìVIN(max) = 2ì265V =375V
(4)
A margin of 20% is generally considered.
The use of a fast recovery diode is required for the buck-freewheeling rectifier. When designed in CCM, the
diode reverse recovery time should be less than 35 ns to keep low reverse recovery current and the switching
loss. For example, STTH1R06A provides 25-ns reverse recovery time. When designed in DCM, slower diode can
be used, but the reverse recovery time should be kept less than 75 ns. MURS160 can fit the requirement.
9.2.1.2.4 Output Capacitor (CL)
The value of the output capacitor impacts the output ripple. Depending on the combination of capacitor value and
equivalent series resistor (RESR). A larger capacitor value also has an impact on the start-up time. For a typical
application, the capacitor value can start from 47 μF, to hundreds of μF. A guide for sizing the capacitor value
can be calculated by the following equations:
ILIMIT -IOUT
440mA - 225mA
62kHz ì350mV
CL > 20 ì
= 20 ì
= 200mF
fSW max ì DVOUT
(5)
(6)
DVOUT
ILIMIT
RESR
<
= 0.8W
Take into account that both CL and RESR contribute to output voltage ripple. A first pass capacitance value can be
selected and the contribution of CL and RESR to the output voltage ripple can be evaluated. If the total ripple is
too high the capacitance value has to increase or RESR value must be reduced. In the application example CL
was selected (330 µF) and it has an RESR of 0.03 Ω. So the RESR contributes for 4% of the total ripple. The
formula that calculates CL is based on the assumption that the converter operates in burst of twenty switching
cycles. The number of bursts per cycle could be different, the formula for CL is a first approximation.
9.2.1.2.5 Pre-Load Resistor (RL)
The pre-load resistor connected at the output is required for the high-side buck topology. Unlike low side buck
topology, the output voltage is directly sensed, in high-side buck topology the output is sampled and estimated.
At no-load condition, because the feedback loop runs with its own time constant, the buck converter operates
with a fixed minimum switching frequency. Select the pre-load resistor or using a zener diode to prevent output
voltage goes too high at no-load condition.
A simple zener diode would be a good choice without going through the calculation. Besides the simplifying the
calculation, zener diode doesn't consumes power at heavy load condition, which helps to improve the converter
heavy-load efficiency.
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