X1243 – Preliminary Information
the clock on the ACK bit prior to RTC data output) into
a separate latch to avoid time changes during the read
operation. The clock continues to run. Alarms occurring
during a read are unaffected by the read operation.
Writing to the Real Time Clock
The time and date may be set by writing to the RTC
registers. To avoid changing the current time by an
uncompleted write operation, the current time value is
loaded into a separate buffer at the falling edge of the
clock on the ACK bit before the RTC data input bytes,
the clock continues to run. The new serial input data
replaces the values in the buffer. This new RTC value
is loaded back into the RTC Register by a stop bit at
the end of a valid write sequence. An invalid write
operation aborts the time update procedure and the
contents of the buffer are discarded. After a valid write
operation the RTC will reflect the newly loaded data
beginning with the first “one second” clock cycle after
the stop bit. The RTC continues to update the time
while an RTC register write is in progress and the RTC
continues to run during any nonvolatile write sequences.
A single byte may be written to the RTC without affect-
ing the other bytes.
CLOCK/CONTROL REGISTERS (CCR)
The Control/Clock Registers are located in an area log-
ically separated from the array and are only accessible
following a slave byte of “1101111x” and reads or
writes to addresses [0000h:003Fh].
CCR Access
The contents of the CCR can be modified by performing
a byte or a page write operation directly to any address in
the CCR. Prior to writing to the CCR (except the status
register), however, the WEL and RWEL bits must be
set using a two step process (See section “Writing to
the Clock/Control Registers.”)
The CCR is divided into 5 sections. These are:
1. Alarm 0 (8 bytes)
2. Alarm 1 (8 bytes)
3. Control (2 bytes)
4. Real Time Clock (8 bytes)
5. Status (1 byte)
Sections 1) through 3) are nonvolatile and Sections 4)
and 5) are volatile. Each register is read and written
through buffers. The nonvolatile portion (or the counter
portion of the RTC) is updated only if RWEL is set and
only after a valid write operation and stop bit. A sequential
REV 1.1.4 5/31/01
read or page write operation provides access to the
contents of only one section of the CCR per operation.
Access to another section requires a new operation.
Continued reads or writes, once reaching the end of a
section, will wrap around to the start of the section. A
read or page write can begin at any address in the CCR.
Section 5) is a volatile register. It is not necessary to set
the RWEL bit prior to writing the status register. Section 5)
supports a single byte read or write only. Continued reads
or writes from this section terminates the operation.
The state of the CCR can be read by performing a ran-
dom read at any address in the CCR at any time. This
returns the contents of that register location. Additional
registers are read by performing a sequential read. The
read instruction latches all Clock registers into a buffer,
so an update of the clock does not change the time
being read. A sequential read of the CCR will not result
in the output of data from the memory array. At the end
of a read, the master supplies a stop condition to end
the operation and free the bus. After a read of the
CCR, the address remains at the previous address +1
so the user can execute a current address read of the
CCR and continue reading the next Register.
ALARM REGISTERS
There are two alarm registers whose contents mimic
the contents of the RTC register, but add enable bits
and exclude the 24-hour time selection bit. The enable
bits specify which registers to use in the comparison
between the Alarm and Real Time Registers. For
example:
– The user can set the X1242 to alarm every Wednes-
day at 8:00AM by setting the EDWn, the EHRn and
EMNn enable bits to ‘0’ and setting the DWAn, HRAn
and MNAn Alarm registers to 8:00AM Wednesday.
– A daily alarm for 9:30PM results when the EHRn and
EMNn enable bits are set to ‘0’ and the HRAn and
MNAn registers set 9:30PM.
– Setting the EMOn bit in combination with other
enable bits and a specific alarm time, the user can
establish an alarm that triggers at the same time
once a year.
When there is a match, an alarm flag is set. The occur-
rence of an alarm can be determined by polling the
AL0 and AL1 bits, or by setting the AL0E and AL1E bits
to ‘1’ and monitoring the IRQ output. The AL0E and
AL1E bits enable the circuit that triggers the output
IRQ pin when an alarm occurs. Writing a ‘0’ to one of
www.xicor.com
Characteristics subject to change without notice.
3 of 18
XICOR [ XICOR INC. ]
